group A (+ve GBS) 300 pregnant of gestational age 35-37 weeks were screened by a group B streptococcal (GBS) conventional PCR assay. Patients who were followed till delivery without prolonged rupture of membrane were eligible to enter the study and details with regard to labor and delivery were recorded. Infant data were also recorded.

group B (-ve GBS) 300 pregnant of gestational age 35-37 weeks were screened by a group B streptococcal (GBS) conventional PCR assay. Patients who were followed till delivery without prolonged rupture of membrane were eligible to enter the study and details with regard to labor and delivery were recorded. Infant data were also recorded.

Group B Streptococcal Infection

all participants were evaluated by vaginorectal specimens for the detection of GBS, The swabs are placed in Amies transport medium and sent to the microbiology laboratory for testing by conventional PCR assay.

culture and PCR for group B streptococcus

sahar M.Y elbaradie

MATERNAL AND NEONATAL SCREENING FOR GROUP B STREPTOCOCCI : A Follow up STUDY

Maternal And Neonatal Screening For Group B Streptococci in Fayoum Governrate: A Follow Up Study

Percentage of maternal GBS infection and its reflection on neonatal infection

Rapid methods of detection of GBS colonization (molecular biology based assay) the polymerase chain reaction (PCR),

Sahar MY Elbaradie

associate Professor

Fayoum University Hospital

CHPM (Chinese Herbal Patent Medicine ): Pugongying (Herba Taraxaci) Granules, 15g/tid for 3 days, follow-up for 7 days.
Education, basic medical order.

CHPM (Chinese Herbal Patent Medicine): Pugongying (Herba Taraxaci) granules, 15g/tid for 3 days, follow-up for 7 days.
Antibiotics: Cefdinir Capsules, 0.1g/tid for 2 days, follow-up for 7 days.
Education, basic medical order.

Antibiotics: Cefdinir Capsules, 0.1g/tid for 3 days, follow-up for 7 days.
Education, basic medical order.

Mastitis Acute Female

Pugongying (Herba Taraxaci) granules is named as Pugongying Granules in China and produced by Kunming pharmaceutical factory co. LTD. The form is granules, and the participants will take the medicine after dissolved as 15g/tid for 3 days, and the investigators will follow them up for 7 days when the participants are stopped administrating.

CHPM (Chinese Herbal Patent Medicine )

Cefdinir Capsules is also named as Cefdinir and produced by Astellas Pharma Inc. The form is capsule, and participants will take orally the capsules with water as 0.1g/tid for 3 days, and the investigators will follow them up for 7 days when the participants are stopped administrating.

Antibiotics Cefdinir Capsules

Doctors will give suggestions and the medical orders to all participants, including dietary, emotional regulation and the knowledge of breast-feeding.

Education

Cefdinir Capsules is also named as Cefdinir and produced by Astellas Pharma Inc. The form is capsule, and participants will take orally the capsules with water as 0.1g/tid for 2 days, and the investigators will follow them up for 7 days when the participants are stopped administrating.

Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital

Tongzhou Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Beijing

The Effect of Chinese Herbal Medicine for Reducing the Application of Antibiotics in the Treatment of Acute Mastitis

The Effect of Chinese Herbal Medicine for Reducing the Application of Antibiotics in the Treatment of Acute Mastitis With Three Groups in Randomized Controlled Trial.

Body temperature will be measured by mercury thermometer and recorded on the prepared card by participants. The temperature of the participants reduces to 37.2℃ or more below, assessing as the normal temperature. And the normal temperature last for at least 24 hours, considered as fever-relief.
To evaluate the effect of drug action time and the temperature changing from the baseline to the end of 3-day treatment.

Pain of breast will be self-reported by participants and recorded. A visual analog scale (VAS) is used to assess breast pain. The scale was tested in the investigator's previous trial. 0 score indicates "no uncomfortable feeling". 1-3 indicates "mild uncomfortable feeling". 4-6 indicates "moderate uncomfortable feeling". 7-10 indicates "severe uncomfortable feeling".
To evaluate the changing from the baseline to the end of 3-day treatment.

The masses are manual outlined by the outcome assessor.
To evaluate the changing from the baseline to the end of 3-day treatment.

The 0-3 scores are used to describe the patency of milk from no stagnation to severe stagnation. 0 indicates that there is no stagnation with breast and milk spurts out by slightly pressure; 1 indicates mild stagnation and milk flows by more pressure; 2 indicates moderate stagnation and milk drops out by much more pressure; 3 indicates there is severe stagnation and no milk excreted. The outcome will be measured by the outcome assessor.
To evaluate the changing from the baseline to the end of 3-day treatment.

The assessment criteria refer to Standard of diagnosis and treatment in TCM symptoms (2016 version, released by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China). The outcome is specifically used to assess the holistic physical status of the participants and will be measured by TCM practitioners.
To evaluate the changing from the baseline to the end of 3-day treatment.

Measured by the routine blood test.
To evaluate the changing from the baseline to the end of 3-day treatment.

Adverse events are assessed by CTCAE (version 5.0, released by NIH and NIC). The outcomes measured at baseline are used to determine whether the participants are eligible to participate the study and the outcomes measured during and after 3-day treatment are used to assess the safety of the intervention medicine and to protect the rights of the participants.
To focus on (1) allergic reaction; (2) the vital signs: resting heart rate in times/minutes, respiratory rate in times/minutes and blood pressure in mmHg; (3) laboratory test: urinalysis (LEU, BLO, KET, NIH, GLU, PRO, UBG, SG) in positive/negative, stool routine (Sed occult blood) in postive/negative, electrocardiogram in normal/abnormal, liver function test (AST, ALT, TBIL, DBIL, TG, GLU) in positive/negative and renal function test (CR, UA, UREA) in positive/negative.
To observe the incidence of the adverse events.

After 3-day treatment, the participants will be followed up for 3 days to figure out the incidence of acute mastitis relapse. The investigators will call the participants to inquiry their conditions (body temperature, breast pain, amount of milk).

After 3-day treatment, clinical evaluation will be conducted by doctors. If B-ultrasound shows there is mammary abscess, the doctor will perform surgery based on liquefaction and size of the abscess.

After 3-day treatment, clinical evaluation will be conducted by doctors. If B-ultrasound shows there is mammary abscess, the doctor will prescribe Cefdinir or Pugongying granules based on liquefaction and size of the abscess.

Xiaohua Pei

Principal Investigator, Clinical Professor, Academic Leader of Breast Disease in Traditional Chinese Medicine.

Beijing University of Chinese Medicine

Based on previous studies, considering the 20% expulsion rate, the investigators plan to recruit 306 participants with sample-size calculation formula. The sequence of randomization (1:1:1) will be generated by the statisticians with a computer program.

Due to the different numbers of interventions, the investigators can not blind the participants and the doctors. Thus, the CRF recorders, outcomes assessors and the statisticians will be blinded in the study.

Breast Engorgement

Device: acupuncture Acupuncture is the treatment which balances qi and blood by inserting needles into the acupoints of the meridians in human body.

acupuncture

Taichung Veterans General Hospital

Acupuncture for Breast Engorgement During Lactation

Acupuncture for Breast Engorgement During Lactation: a Pilot Study.

PeiJung Chiang

physician

A single dose of 2G Azithromycin or Placebo will be administered orally to women in labour

Neonatal SEPSIS

Pregnant women attending study health facilities for delivery will be enrolled

The women will be randomized to receive a single dose of Azithromycin or Placebo

Azithromycin

Placebo Oral Tablet

Clinical Research Unit of Nanora

Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia

Pre-delivery Administration of Azithromycin to Prevent Neonatal Sepsis & Death

Pre-delivery Administration of Azithromycin to Prevent Neonatal Sepsis and Death: a Phase III Double-blind Randomized Clinical Trial

All deaths excluding Severe Birth Asphyxia (SBA), severe congenital malformation (SCM) and very low birth weight (VLBW)

isolation of a miro-organism that is not a common contaminant from a normally sterile body site (i.e. blood or CSF)

neonate hospitalised within 3 days of life and who in the absence of another recognisable congenital infection had at least one laboratory criteria and either: respiratory distress (one criterion required) or at least two clinical criteria

isolation of a micro-organism that is not a common contaminant from a normally sterile body (i.e. blood or CSF) site if a microorganism has been observed in the gram stain (i.e. CSF)

neonate hospitalised with at least one laboratory criteria and either: respiratory distress (twocriteria required), OR one feature of respiratory distress and one other clinical criterion OR at least two other clinical criteria

Hospitalisation will be defined as admission to an inpatient ward or at least a 12 hour stay. We will exclude from this endpoint all hospitalizations due to injuries

All-cause mortality excluding injuries (only for those included in the anthropometrical sub-study).

through anthropometrical measurements and using WHO child-growth standards to calculate Z-scores for height-for-age (HAZ), weight-for-age (WAZ), weight-for-height (WHZ), head circumference-for-age, and MUAC for age [WHO Anthro version 3.2.2, January 2011]. Children with z-scores <-2SD and <-3SD will be classified as malnourished and severely-malnourished, respectively

this will be defined as admission of the mother for endometritis (defined below) or culture-confirmed infection of sterile site (i.e. blood of CSF; or bacteria detected in the gram stain) or wound infection (see definition below) [23].
Endeometritis: at least two of the following signs of uterine tenderness, fever (>38.0 oC), foul-smelling or purulent lochia, or vaginal discharge diagnosed by clinicians and/or nurses.
Wound infection is defined as perineal wound infection among vaginal parturients or cesarian wound infection among ceasarean section parturients

Hospitalisation will be defined as admission to an inpatient department or a visit to an emergency department that results in at least a 12-hour stay excluding hospitalizations due to injuries

London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine

This is a Phase III, double-blind, placebo controlled randomized clinical trial. Women attending the study health facilities in labour will be randomized to receive either a single dose of oral AZI (2g) or placebo (1:1)

The active study drug and placebo will look identical and will not be identifiable. The study drugs will be allocated to the participants according to the randomisation number

Newborn; Infection

Newborn Sepsis

Addition of C-reactive protein test for management strategies to follow-up febrile neonates in outpatient.

C reactive protein

Sisli Etfal Education and Research Hospital

New Protocol for Febrile Neonate Management

New Protocol for Identification of Serious Bacterial Infection in Febrile Newborn

All febrile neonate admitted and evaluated for SBI. An episode of SBI was defined as (A) the growth of a known pathogenic bacteria in one or more of cultures (bacteremia, meningitis, osteomyelitis, suppurative arthritis, urinary tract infection, bacterial enteritis, and pneumonia), (B) any disease commonly associated with bacterial pathogens including pneumonia, acute otitis media, suppurative arthritis, osteomyelitis, and soft-tissue infections (cellulitis, abscess, mastitis, and omphalitis). Pneumonia was defined as a new discrete infiltration on the chest film, which was confirmed by an attending pediatric radiologist with the presence of typical clinical signs and symptoms.

All infants were classified at low-risk by the criteria of Rochester, Boston, Philadelphia and new created Sisli Etfal protocols.

mastitis/karščiavimas

MATERNAL AND NEONATAL SCREENING FOR GROUP B STREPTOCOCCI : A Follow up STUDY

The Effect of Chinese Herbal Medicine for Reducing the Application of Antibiotics in the Treatment of Acute Mastitis

Acupuncture for Breast Engorgement During Lactation

Pre-delivery Administration of Azithromycin to Prevent Neonatal Sepsis & Death

New Protocol for Febrile Neonate Management

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