pyrrolizidine alkaloid/hepatitas

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Liver inflammation during monocrotaline hepatotoxicity.

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Monocrotaline (MCT) is a pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PA) plant toxin that causes hepatotoxicity in humans and animals. Human exposure occurs from consumption of contaminated grains and herbal teas and medicines. Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) of 300 mg/kg MCT in rats produced time-dependent hepatic

Preincubation format for a sensitive immunochromatographic assay for monocrotaline, a toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloid.

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Monocrotaline (MCT), which is classified as a 1,2-dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloid (DHPA), is a toxic compound that is mainly produced by Crotalaria spp. MCT contamination in cereals and herbs leads to hepatitis, gastroenteritis, pulmonary vasculitis and hypertension, and different types

MicroRNA expression profiles distinguish the carcinogenic effects of riddelliine in rat liver.

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Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are the most common plant constituents that poison livestock, wildlife and humans. Riddelliine is a prototype genotoxic PA and has been nominated to be classified as a reasonably anticipated human carcinogen by the US National Toxicology Program (NTP) in the 12th Report

[The common butterbur (Petasites hybridus)--portrait of a medicinal herb].

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For hundreds of years butterbur (Petasites hybridus) has been used against many diseases. Modern indications are the prophylaxis of migraine, tension headache, spasms of the urogenital tract, gastro-intestinal tract and bile duct and hopefully hay fever and asthma in the near future. The petasines,

[Primary liver disease in the horse].

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The clinical signs of liver disease are highly variable and non-specific. Irrespective of the cause or the duration of liver disease, more specific clinical signs, e.g. hepatic encephalopathy, become apparent in the advanced stages of the disease. Due to the non-specific clinical signs, the possible

Equine hepatic disease: the effect of patient- and case-specific variables on risk and prognosis.

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BACKGROUND Liver disease is fairly common in horses and, although previous literature suggests that fatality rates are high, impressions gained from current clinical practice suggest that this is no longer the case. OBJECTIVE A case-control study was undertaken in 2 hospitals to investigate whether

LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury

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Among the more than 7000 Chinese herbal medications, only a few have been linked to episodes of clinically apparent liver injury, most commonly mentioned being Ba Jiao Lian, Chi R Yun, Jin Bu Huan, Ma Huang/Ephedra, and Shou Wu Pian. Many of these are mixtures of herbs and the composition can vary

[Liver involvement in the course of phytotherapy].

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The development of herbal medicine has follow in line with increased popular interest in ecology. Emphasis has been placed on the safety of natural herbs in contrast with the risks involved with "classical" medicines. But recent publications have revealed that several herbal medicines are toxic for

[Liver toxicity of drugs of plant origin].

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Herbal drugs are widely used and often contain highly active pharmacological compounds. Recently, reports have mounted about hepatotoxicity of herbal remedies which ranges from mild liver enzyme alterations to chronic liver disease and liver failure. Hepatotoxicity of Chinese herbs has been

Herbal medicine in the treatment of liver diseases.

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Herbal drugs have become increasingly popular and their use is widespread. Licensing regulations and pharmacovigilance regarding herbal products are still incomplete and clearcut proof of their efficacy in liver diseases is sparse. Nevertheless, a number of herbals show promising activity including

The chemistry and pharmacology of Ligularia przewalskii: A review.

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BACKGROUND Ligularia przewalskii (Maxim.) Diels (LP) (called zhangyetuowu in Chinese), is generally found in moist forest areas in the western regions of China. The root, leaves and flower of LP are utilized as a common traditional medicine in China. It has been utilized conventionally in herbal

Review article: herbal and dietary supplement hepatotoxicity.

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BACKGROUND Herbal and dietary supplements are commonly used throughout the World. There is a tendency for underreporting their ingestion by patients and the magnitude of their use is underrecognised by Physicians. Herbal hepatotoxicity is not uncommonly encountered, but the precise incidence and

Expansion, in vivo-ex vivo cycling, and genetic manipulation of primary human hepatocytes.

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Primary human hepatocytes (PHHs) are an essential tool for modeling drug metabolism and liver disease. However, variable plating efficiencies, short lifespan in culture, and resistance to genetic manipulation have limited their use. Here, we show that the pyrrolizidine alkaloid retrorsine improves

An outbreak of veno-occlusive liver disease in northern Ethiopia, clinical findings.

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BACKGROUND Following the emergence of an unidentified fatal disease in Tahtay Koraro, rural farmers' village in Tigray, northern Ethiopia since 2001, a team of experts from Addis Ababa University Medical Faculty was assigned in November 2005, to investigate the problem in the field. The team

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