Improvement of stilbenoid production by 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin in white mulberry (Morus alba L.) callus cultures.

Mulberroside A, oxyresveratrol and resveratrol, commonly found in Morus alba L., are potent anti-aging phytostilbenes. In this study, the effect of the addition of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin on the levels of phytostilbenes in M. alba callus cultures was investigated. Commercial cyclodextrin was used in the hydrolytic and culture processes of the M. alba callus cultures. The hydrolytic study indicated that 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin acted as a retardant for stilbenoid hydrolysis. It reduced mulberroside A deglycosylation and stabilised oxyresveratrol. The elicitation result showed that extracellular oxyresveratrol was increased by adding 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin to the culture media of both free and immobilised M. alba callus (>730-fold and >169-fold, respectively) compared with those of the control. However, the intracellular mulberroside A levels in the treatment groups did not increase compared with those of the control. The results show that the addition of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin significantly changed the patterns and levels of the stilbenoids in M. alba callus cultures.