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BACKGROUND
β-Amyloid protein (Aβ) accumulation, caspase activation, apoptosis, and hypoxia-induced neurotoxicity have been suggested to be involved in Alzheimer disease neuropathogenesis. Aβ is produced from amyloid precursor protein through proteolytic processing by the aspartyl protease β-site
To investigate the possible involvement of beta-amyloid (A beta) in disrupting neuronal function during ischemia, we examined whether overexpression of C-terminal fragments of beta-amyloid precursor protein (beta-APP) in transgenic (Tg) mice is capable of altering the capacity of hippocampus slices
We investigated the effect of hypoxia on beta-amyloid (Abeta)-induced apoptosis in rat cultured hippocampal neurons. Abeta (25 microM for 48 h) decreased the number of neuronal cells and increased the number of TUNEL-positive cells. Hypoxia (6 h) also decreased the number of neuronal cells, but did
beta-Amyloid peptide (Abeta), the major pathological factor in Alzheimer's disease, has recently been reported to be implicated in the development of glaucoma. In this study, we explored the effect of muscarinic activation on abnormal processing of beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP) induced by a
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is more prevalent following an ischemic or hypoxic episode, such as stroke. Indeed, brain levels of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and the cytotoxic amyloid beta peptide (Abeta) fragment are enhanced in these patients and in animal models following experimental ischaemia.
BACKGROUND
Recent epidemiological evidence has linked hypoxia with the development of Alzheimer disease (AD). A number of in vitro and in vivo studies have reported that hypoxia can induce amyloid-β peptide accumulation through various molecular mechanisms including the up-regulation of the
Hypoxia has been implicated as a possible cause of adipose tissue inflammation. Furthermore, the acute phase protein serum amyloid A (SAA) has been associated with the modulation of the adipogenic process, and it is well-known that obese individuals have increased levels of SAA. The effect of
Hypoxia which is mainly mediated by hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), can greatly contribute to the occurrence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by increasing beta-site APP cleaving enzyme (BACE1) gene expression, protein level and beta-secretase activity, resulting in a significant generation of
Sustained hypoxia alters the expression of numerous proteins and predisposes individuals to Alzheimer's disease (AD). We have previously shown that hypoxia in vitro alters Ca2+ homeostasis in astrocytes and promotes increased production of amyloid beta peptides (Abeta) of AD. Indeed, alteration of
Beta-amyloid (Aβ) derived from amyloid precursor protein (APP) has been associated with retinal degeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and glaucoma. This study examined whether hypoxia exposure induces Aβ accumulation in RGC-5 cells. While levels of APP mRNA and protein significantly increased in
Amyloid beta peptide (Aβ) is a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and is generated through the sequential cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) by β- and γ-secretases. Hypoxia is a known risk factor for AD and stimulates Aβ generation by γ-secretase; however, the underlying
Hypoxia is known to cause complex cascades of physiological, biochemical, and morphological changes in the brain. Cerebral microvascular smooth muscle cell (MV-SMC) damage may occur following hypoxic conditions and lead to SMC dysfunction. However, little is known about the exact cellular and
Lipid messengers and amyloid beta (Abeta) peptides generated by cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and presenilin-1 (PS1) mediate pro-inflammatory signaling and neural degeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain. This study provides data showing that the COX-2 and PS1 genes each transcribe rare, highly
OBJECTIVE
The non-neurogenic response of the neonatal adrenal medulla is vital in cardiovascular and respiratory development and to the survival of newborns exposed to hypoxic stress. Here, we examined the acute hypoxic response of immortalised rat adrenomedullary chromaffin cells following exposure
Exposure of PC12 cells to chronic hypoxia (CH; 10 % O(2), 24 h) augments catecholamine secretion via formation of a Cd2+-resistant Ca2+ influx pathway, and up-regulates native L-type Ca2+ channels. These effects are mimicked by exposure of cells to Alzheimer's disease-associated amyloid beta