[Oxidative metabolism of neutrophils in obese patients before and during body mass reduction: the in vitro effect of quercetin and rutin].

Obese people are at high risk for developing diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases, which lead to an increased risk of mortality. Activated polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) generate extremely high amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS), but these are normally targeted at pathogens inside intracellular phagosomes. These same beneficial antimicrobial functions can cause significant local tissue injury and lead to the development of pathologic systemic inflammatory conditions. PMN apoptosis is a major mechanism associated with the resolution of inflammatory reactions. The goals of the present study were: 1) to evaluate the level of reactive oxygen species production in PMN from obese people before and during body mass reduction, 2) to investigate the in vitro effect of flavonoids: quercetin and rutin on oxidative metabolism and apoptosis of stimulated neutrophils in obese patient. We tested 30 obese patients (women) before body mass reduction and 20 patients during low calories diet. The inclusion criteria were based on physical examination, BMI, WHR, the body composition examination based on bioimpedance method and biochemical assessment. PMN were isolated and oxidant production, in response to 1 microg/ml PMA, was characterised by the production of hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide and chemiluminescence intensity. Caspase-3 activation was assayed by the method of DEVD-AMC cleavage in PMN cultured up to 24 hours. The results of our study showed: 1) the decrease in PMN oxidant production in patient during the mass reduction, 2) the strong antioxidant activity of quercetin and rutin in obese patients before and during the body mass reduction, these effects were dose dependent and rutin was less potent than quercetin, 3) acceleration of PMN apoptosis by rutin is associated with an increase in caspase 3 activity.