Molecular cloning and characterization of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase gene in rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis).

S-Adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC) is a key rate-limiting enzyme involved in polyamines biosynthesis, and it plays important roles in plant growth, development and stresses response. However, no SAMDC gene was reported in rubber tree. Here we report characteristics of an SAMDC gene (HbSAMDC1) in rubber tree. HbSAMDC1 contains a 1080 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding 359 amino acids. Quantitative real-time PCR analyses revealed that HbSAMDC1 exhibited distinct expression patterns in different tissues and was regulated by various stresses, including drought, cold, salt, wounding, and H2O2 treatments. HbSAMDC1 5' untranslated region (UTR) contains a highly conserved overlapping tiny and small upstream ORFs (uORFs), encoding 2 and 52 amino acid residues, respectively. No introns were located in the main ORF of HbSAMDC1, whereas two introns were found in the 5' UTR. In transgenic tobaccos, the highly conserved small uORF of HbSAMDC1 is found to be responsible for translational repression of downstream β-glucuronidase reporter. To our knowledge, this is the first report on molecular cloning, expression profiles, and 5' UTR characteristics of HbSAMDC1. These results lay solid foundation for further elucidating HbSAMDC1 function in rubber tree.