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The Microbiota-Derived Metabolite of Quercetin, 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid Prevents Malignant Transformation and Mitochondrial Dysfunction Induced by Hemin in Colon Cancer and Normal Colon Epithelia Cell Lines

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Meat diet plays a pivotal role in colorectal cancer (CRC). Hemin, a metabolite of myoglobin, produced after meat intake, has been involved in CRC initiation. The compound, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (3,4HPAA) is a scarcely studied microbiota-derived metabolite of the flavonoid quercetin (QUE),

Ventromedial nucleus of hypothalamus is related to the development of cancer-induced anorexia: in vivo microdialysis study.

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Based on reports that increased hypothalamic ventromedial nucleus (VMN)-serotonin (5-HT) is associated with cancer anorexia and recent findings in our laboratory that low levels of dopamine (DA) in the VMN are associated with prolonged inter meal intervals thus decreased food intake, and reports

Potency, selectivity and cell cycle dependence of catechols in human tumour cells in vitro.

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Enhancement of the potency and melanoma-selectivity of redox agents was sought by two different approaches. In screening a series of catechols, derivatives of moderate half-life (dopa, dopamine, noradrenaline, 3,4-dihydroxybenzylamine, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid; t1/2 12-33 hr) had significant

Regional monoamine and metabolite levels in a feline brain tumor model.

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The presence of a brain tumor alters regional cerebral blood flow, oxygen consumption, and glucose utilization in adjacent and remote brain tissue, but its effect on brain neurotransmitter levels is unclear. In the present report, the levels of noradrenaline (NA), dopamine (DA), 5-hydroxytryptamine

Nigerian foodstuffs with prostate cancer chemopreventive polyphenols.

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Dietary polyphenols are antioxidants that can scavenge biological free radicals, and chemoprevent diseases with biological oxidation as their main etiological factor. In this paper, we review our laboratory data vis-ὰ-vis available literature on prostate cancer chemopreventive substances in Nigerian

Phenolic acid concentrations in plasma and urine from men consuming green or black tea and potential chemopreventive properties for colon cancer.

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METHODS Tea polyphenols are metabolized by the colonic microflora yielding phenolic metabolites, which may contribute to the health benefits of tea. We determined the serum and urine concentrations of phenolic acids, hippuric acid, and polyhydroxyphenyl-γ-valerolactones during green tea (GT) and

Effects of a fluorinated pyrimidinedione anti-cancer drug, 5-fluoro-1-(tetrahydro-2-furanyl)-2,4-pyrimidinedione (FT), and related compounds on nigro-striatal dopaminergic neurons in the central nervous system.

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The cause of the side effects of 5-fluoro-1-(tetrahydro-2-furanyl)-2,4-pyrimidinedione (FT) on the central nervous system (CNS), and especially the extrapyramidal system were investigated by examining the effects of FT on pre- and post-synaptic functions of the dopaminergic system in comparison with

The neuroprotective efficacy of alpha-crystallin against acute inflammation in mice.

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Acute inflammation activates macrophages or monocytes and subsequently releases several inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. These proinflammatory cytokines activate astrocytes and trigger neurodegenerative diseases. In this work, we chose to address the mechanistic

(-)-Epicatechin and the colonic metabolite 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid protect against high glucose and lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in renal proximal tubular cells through NOX-4/p38 signalling

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Chronic hyperglycaemia and inflammation are present in diabetes and both processes have been related to the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease. Epicatechin (EC) and main colonic phenolic acids derived from flavonoid intake, such as 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHBA), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic

Antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of four cysteine-containing agents in striatum of MPTP-treated mice.

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OBJECTIVE Mice treated with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) were used to examine the neuroprotective effects of n-acetyl cysteine (NAC), s-ethyl cysteine (SEC), s-methyl cysteine (SMC), and s-propyl cysteine (SPC). METHODS Each agent at 1 g/L was directly added to the drinking

Antioxidative and anti-inflammatory protection from carnosine in the striatum of MPTP-treated mice.

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Mice treated with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) were used to examine the neuroprotective effects of carnosine. Carnosine at 0.5, 1, and 2 g/L was directly added to the drinking water for 4 weeks. MPTP treatment significantly depleted striatal glutathione content, reduced the

Neuroprotective efficiency of Mangifera indica leaves extract on cadmium-induced cortical damage in rats.

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Due to the high ability of cadmium to cross the blood-brain barrier, cadmium (Cd) causes severe neurological damages. Hence, the purpose of this study was to investigate the possible protective effect of Mangifera indica leaf extract (MLE) against Cd-induced neurotoxicity. Rats were divided into

Insights into the intestinal bacterial metabolism of flavonoids and the bioactivities of their microbe-derived ring cleavage metabolites.

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Flavonoids are a group of phytochemicals widely distributed in plants, fruits, and vegetables that possess numerous bioactivities. After oral administration, flavonoids can be metabolized by the intestinal bacteria into a wide range of low-molecular-weight phenolic acids. In this review, the

Simvastatin prevents 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced striatal dopamine depletion and protein tyrosine nitration in mice.

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Parkinson's disease is a neurological disorder involving the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. There is increasing evidence that inflammation plays a role in the propagation of neurodegenerative processes in Parkinson's disease. We investigated the

Chrysin protects against behavioral, cognitive and neurochemical alterations in a 6-hydroxydopamine model of Parkinson's disease.

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Parkinson's disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder that severely affects quality of life of patients and their families. The flavonoid chrysin (5,7-dihydroxylflavone) is a naturally occurring flavone with several pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory and

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