alcohol dehydrogenase/misselijkheid

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Influence of food commodities on hangover based on alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase activities

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Alcohol consumption often leads to hangover, a condition characterized by several symptoms, characteristically headache, nausea, fatigue and drowsiness. Hangover may be alleviated by altering the rate of alcohol metabolism and facilitating elimination of acetaldehyde by affecting the activity of

[Pathobiochemistry of alcoholism].

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Liver alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) represents the main enzyme of normal alcohol metabolism. Total activity of this enzyme varies largely due to the occurrence of isoenzymes and of genetic polymorphisms. One genetic variant, called "atypical", is characterized by a higher specific activity. In

Subjective response to alcohol and ADH polymorphisms in a select sample of young adult male East Indians and Africans in Trinidad and Tobago.

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OBJECTIVE Level of response to alcohol has been associated with risk of alcohol dependence in a number of ethnic groups. In the present study, subjective and objective responses to alcohol were evaluated in Indo-Trinidadians (Indo-T) and Afro-Trinidadians (Afro-T). Associations of alcohol

RNA interference against aldehyde dehydrogenase-2: development of tools for alcohol research.

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Liver alcohol dehydrogenase oxidizes ethanol to acetaldehyde, which is further oxidized to acetate by aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2*1). Individuals who carry a low-activity ALDH2 (ALDH2*2) display high blood acetaldehyde levels after ethanol consumption, which leads to dysphoric effects, such as

Effects of the extracts and an active compound curcumenone isolated from Curcuma zedoaria rhizomes on alcohol-induced drunkenness in mice.

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The Curcuma zedoaria rhizome has been used traditionally to treat gastrointestinal diseases as an aromatic stomachic drug, and this is currently used to treat alcohol-induced loss of appetite and nausea in Japan. We examined the effects of various fractions and isolated compounds on alcohol-induced

LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury

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The sulfonylureas are a class of agents that lower blood sugar as a result of increasing release of insulin from the pancreas. The sulfonylureas are used for the therapy of mild-to-moderate type 2 diabetes in conjunction with diet, and can be used alone or in combination with metformin,

Nystagmus secondary to fomepizole administration in a pediatric patient.

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BACKGROUND Fomepizole is an alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor used to treat ethylene glycol poisoning in adults, with only one report describing the use of fomepizole in the pediatric population. We report a case of nystagmus associated with fomepizole treatment of a 6-year-old female who ingested

Genetic polymorphism of enzymes of alcohol metabolism and susceptibility to alcoholic liver disease.

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Differences in the pharmacokinetics of alcohol absorption and elimination are, in part, genetically determined. There are polymorphic variants of the two main enzymes responsible for ethanol oxidation in liver, alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase. The frequency of occurrence of these

4-Methylpyrazole: a controlled study of safety in healthy human subjects after single, ascending doses.

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4-Methylpyrazole (4-MP), an inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase, is a possible future drug for the treatment of methanol and ethylene glycol intoxications and the severe ethanol-disulfiram reaction. Therefore a placebo-controlled, double-blind, single-dose, randomized, sequential, ascending-dose

Serious Adverse Health Events, Including Death, Associated with Ingesting Alcohol-Based Hand Sanitizers Containing Methanol - Arizona and New Mexico, May-June 2020

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Alcohol-based hand sanitizer is a liquid, gel, or foam that contains ethanol or isopropanol used to disinfect hands. Hand hygiene is an important component of the U.S. response to the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). If soap and water are not

A physiologically based model for ethanol and acetaldehyde metabolism in human beings.

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Pharmacokinetic models for ethanol metabolism have contributed to the understanding of ethanol clearance in human beings. However, these models fail to account for ethanol's toxic metabolite, acetaldehyde. Acetaldehyde accumulation leads to signs and symptoms, such as cardiac arrhythmias, nausea,

American Academy of Clinical Toxicology practice guidelines on the treatment of methanol poisoning.

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BACKGROUND Almost all cases of acute methanol toxicity result from ingestion, though rarely cases of poisoning have followed inhalation or dermal absorption. The absorption of methanol following oral administration is rapid and peak methanol concentrations occur within

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