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Macrophage Depletion in Elderly Mice Improves Response to Tumor Immunotherapy, Increases Anti-tumor T Cell Activity and Reduces Treatment-Induced Cachexia.

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Most cancers emerge in the elderly, including lung cancer and mesothelioma, yet the elderly remain an underrepresented population in pre-clinical cancer studies and clinical trials. The immune system plays a critical role in the effectiveness of many anti-cancer therapies in young hosts via

The effect of altered Toll-like receptor 4 signaling on cancer cachexia.

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OBJECTIVE To determine whether mice unable to mount an intact inflammatory response because of a Toll-like receptor (TLR) pathway defect will develop less severe cancer cachexia. METHODS Prospective animal study. METHODS Academic research center. METHODS Six- to eight-week-old, female C3H/HeJ mice

β-Pentagalloyl-Glucose Sabotages Pancreatic Cancer Cells and Ameliorates Cachexia in Tumor-Bearing Mice.

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Pancreatic cancer cells overexpress the insulin receptor (IR) and the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R). Activating these receptors, insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 increase the growth and glycolysis of pancreatic cancer cells. The high glycolysis in pancreatic cancer cells

Brucea javanica oil emulsion alleviates cachexia induced by Lewis lung cancer cells in mice.

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This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and possible mechanism of Brucea javanica oil emulsion (BJOE) on cachexia, by observing changes in related indexes in mice with cachexia and identifying the genes responsible based on gene chip analysis. In the BJOE treatment group, body weight loss,

Interaction between dactinomycin and tumor necrosis factor in mesothelioma. Cachexia without oncolysis.

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There is no effective therapy for human malignant mesothelioma, and its susceptibility to recombinant cytokines has not been studied extensively. Recombinant human tumor necrosis factor alpha (rHuTNF alpha) was evaluated for its in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity using a human malignant

Salidroside alleviates cachexia symptoms in mouse models of cancer cachexia via activating mTOR signalling.

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BACKGROUND Cachexia has a devastating impact on survival and quality of life for many cancer patients and contributes to nearly one-third of all cancer deaths; also, it is associated with poor responses to chemotherapy and survival. A better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of

Lung Cancer Cachexia: Can Molecular Understanding Guide Clinical Management?

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Cachexia has been recognized for a long time as an adverse effect of cancer. It is associated with reduced physical function, reduced tolerance to anticancer therapy, and reduced survival. This wasting syndrome is mainly known for an ongoing loss of skeletal muscle leading to progressive functional

Impaired regeneration: A role for the muscle microenvironment in cancer cachexia.

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While changes in muscle protein synthesis and degradation have long been known to contribute to muscle wasting, a body of literature has arisen which suggests that regulation of the satellite cell and its ensuing regenerative program are impaired in atrophied muscle. Lessons learned from cancer

Sex differences in the relationship of IL-6 signaling to cancer cachexia progression.

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A devastating aspect of cancer cachexia is severe loss of muscle and fat mass. Though cachexia occurs in both sexes, it is not well-defined in the female. The Apc(Min/+) mouse is genetically predisposed to develop intestinal tumors; circulating IL-6 is a critical regulator of cancer cachexia in the

Hepatic alterations during the development and progression of cancer cachexia.

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Cancer associated bodyweight loss (cachexia) is a hallmark of many cancers and is associated with decreased quality of life and increased mortality. Hepatic function can dramatically influence whole body energy expenditure and may therefore significantly influence whole body health

Skeletal Muscle Function During the Progression of Cancer Cachexia in the Male ApcMin/+ Mouse.

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While cancer-induced skeletal muscle wasting has been widely investigated, the drivers of cancer-induced muscle functional decrements are only beginning to be understood. Decreased muscle function impacts cancer patient quality of life and health status, and several potential therapeutics have

A Transcriptomic Analysis of the Development of Skeletal Muscle Atrophy in Cancer-Cachexia in Tumor-Bearing Mice.

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Cancer-Cachexia (CC) is a wasting condition directly responsible for 20-40% of cancer-related deaths. The mechanisms controlling development of CC-induced muscle wasting are not fully elucidated. Most investigations focus on the post-cachectic state and do not examine progression of the condition.

Cancer cachexia in a mouse model of oxidative stress

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Background: Cancer is associated with muscle atrophy (cancer cachexia) that is linked to up to 40% of cancer-related deaths. Oxidative stress is a critical player in the induction and progression of age-related loss of muscle mass and

The influence of different muscle mass measurements on the diagnosis of cancer cachexia.

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BACKGROUND Progressive loss of muscle mass is a major characteristic of cancer cachexia. Consensus definitions for cachexia provide different options to measure muscle mass. This study describes the effect of different methods to determine muscle mass on the diagnosis of cancer cachexia. In

Blockade of tumour necrosis factor-alpha in rheumatoid arthritis: effects on components of rheumatoid cachexia.

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OBJECTIVE Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is accompanied by increased resting energy expenditure (REE) and decreased fat-free mass (FFM). This is referred to as rheumatoid cachexia and is attributed to high levels of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). This study aimed to investigate the effects of

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