dark/scopolamine

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DARK Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: Atropine, Scopolamine, and Other Anticholinergic Deliriant Hallucinogens.

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Anticholinergic drugs based on tropane alkaloids, including atropine, scopolamine, and hyoscyamine, have been used for various medicinal and toxic purposes for millennia. These drugs are competitive antagonists of acetylcholine muscarinic (M-) receptors that potently modulate the central nervous

Bilateral skin conductance and the pupillary light-dark reflex: manipulation by chlorpromazine, haloperidol, scopolamine, and placebo.

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Cholinergic blocking with scopolamine produces skin conductance orientating response (SCOR) nonresponding in normal subjects. This may be one of a number of causes for nonresponding in schizophrenic subjects. Blockade of dopamine with haloperidol produces an increase in amplitude and shortening of

Comparison of glutamate antagonists in continuous multiple-trial and single-trial dark avoidance.

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NMDA receptor antagonists (MK-801, memantine, amantadine, CGP37849), and the AMPA receptor antagonist NBQX, were tested in a continuous multiple-trial two-choice dark avoidance paradigm. During training MK-801 (0.2mg/kg) and CGP-37849 (12mg/kg) increased the number of trials to criterion. Amantadine

Room novelty, sex, scopolamine and their interactions as determinants of general activity and rearing, and light-dark preferences in rats.

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Male and female rats were assessed for effects of scopolamine on general activity, rearing and light-dark preferences when tested in either a familiar or a novel room. Males but not females reared more often when tested in the familiar rather than novel room, and the response was increased by

Differential effects of pilocarpine and scopolamine on the performance of a light-dark discrimination maintained by electrical stimulation of the brain.

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The modified light/dark transition test in mice: evaluation of classic and putative anxiolytic and anxiogenic drugs.

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1. We devised a new light/dark transition apparatus, recorded transitions, % time animals spent outside the dark chambers (% time) and locomotor activity, and evaluated this apparatus by testing anxiolytics, non-anxiolytic drugs and putative anxiogenic drugs in mice. 2. Diazepam and alprazolam

Within-day variation in spatial memory deficit induced by scopolamine.

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We studied the effect of scopolamine on radial maze performance during both light and dark periods in sham and suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)-lesioned rats. Scopolamine dose-dependently caused a significant increase in the number of total, reference memory and working memory errors during both light

Cognition Enhancing Activity of Sulforaphane Against Scopolamine Induced Cognitive Impairment in Zebra Fish (Danio rerio).

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Several epidemiological studies have shown that consumption of large quantities of vegetables especially cruciferous vegetables (Broccoli and Brussels sprouts) can protect against chronic diseases. Sulforaphane, an isothiocynate found in cruciferous vegetables has been demonstrated to have

Anxiolytic effects of environmental enrichment attenuate sex-related anxiogenic effects of scopolamine in rats.

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In groups of four same-sexed animals, PVG/c hooded rats were housed for 4.5 months in standard or enriched cages containing several objects that could be explored and manipulated. On separate occasions, each rat then experienced two consecutive daily trials in an open field, a light-dark box or a Y

Effects of excitotoxic median raphe lesions on scopolamine-induced working memory deficits in inhibitory avoidance.

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The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of excitotoxic damage of the serotonergic cell bodies in the median raphe nucleus (MRN) on the scopolamine-induced working memory deficits in a single-trial light/dark inhibitory avoidance task. Rats were given 1 mg/kg of scopolamine

Age-related scopolamine effects on social and individual behaviour in rats.

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The modulation of spontaneous (social and individual) behaviour as a function of the age of the rat (1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months) and of scopolamine dose (0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.5 mg/kg) was studied. Observations were conducted during the dark phase of the reverse light/dark schedule using a

Excitotoxic median raphe lesions aggravate working memory storage performance deficits caused by scopolamine infusion into the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in the inhibitory avoidance task in rats.

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The interactions between the median raphe nucleus (MRN) serotonergic system and the septohippocampal muscarinic cholinergic system in the modulation of immediate working memory storage performance were investigated. Rats with sham or ibotenic acid lesions of the MRN were bilaterally implanted with

Lavandula stoechas (L) a Very Potent Antioxidant Attenuates Dementia in Scopolamine Induced Memory Deficit Mice.

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The objective of the current project was to explore the pharmacotherapeutic role of Lavandula stoechas (L) for the management of dementia. Dementia is considered a global challenge of current century seeking special attention of pharmacologists to explore its best remedies. Methanolic extract

Circadian variation in susceptibility to the ambulation-increasing effect of scopolamine in mice.

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Circadian variation in susceptibility to the ambulation-increasing effect of scopolamine in mice was investigated. The mice housed under a 12-hr light-dark situation (light period: 6:00-18:00 and dark period: 18:00-6:00) for 5 weeks were administered scopolamine HBr at 0.5 or 2 mg/kg s.c. at one of

Protection against brain tissues oxidative damage as a possible mechanism for improving effects of low doses of estradiol on scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairments in ovariectomized rats.

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BACKGROUND Regarding the anti-oxidative effects on the central nervous system, the possible protection against brain tissues oxidative damage as a possible mechanism for improving effects of low doses of estradiol on scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairments was investigated in

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