Peripheral Arterial Disease

application of NG topical to dorsals pedis and posterior tibial arteries.

Nitroglycerin Topical Product

Ultrasound Evaluation of Lower Extremity Arteries After Topical Nitroglycerin Administration

Ultrasound Evaluation of the Change in Diameter of the Posterior Tibial Artery and Dorsalis Pedis Artery After the Administration of Topical Nitroglycerin.

Determination of the diameter of the posterior tibial artery and dorsalis pedis artery before and after the administration of various doses of topical nitroglycerin.

Deborah Heart and Lung Center

inhalation of e-cigarette vapor with nicotine for 30 minutes.

inhalation of e-cigarette vapor without nicotine for 30 minutes.

E-cigarette Use

Microcirculation

Thrombosis

Vascular Function

Blood Markers

Microvesicles

NETs

E-cigarette inhalation for 30 minutes using e-cigarette with and without nicotine

e-cigarette

Institutionen för kliniska vetenskaper, Danderyds sjukhus

The Acute Effects of E-cigarette Inhalation on Vascular Function, Microcirculation and Thrombosis

Iontophoresis and laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI), Measurement of capillary blood flow (Capiflow), GlycoCheck system

T-TAS (area under the curve, flow pressure change)

Photopletysmography (PPG), arteriographyTensioMed, Budapest, Hungary,Sphygmocor AtCor Medical, EndoPAT (Itamar)

microvesicles of leukocyte, endothelial and platelet origin (MVs/microliter)

Magnus Lundbäck

MD, Associate Professor

Karolinska Institutet

Umeå University

Patients will be provided with 30mg tablets of codeine, instructed to take 1 tablet every 4 hours as needed for moderate to severe pain if you continue to have pain despite taking acetaminophen.
Patients will also receive 500mg tablets of acetaminophen with instructions to take 1-2 tablets by mouth every 8 hours as needed for pain.
Patients will also receive 17g sachets of PEG, Dissolve in 120 to 240 mL (4 to 8 ounces) of beverage and drink. Use one sachet daily as needed to prevent constipation if you are taking the opioid study drug.

Patients will be provided with 5mg tablets of oxycodone, instructed to take 1 tablet every 4 hours as needed for moderate to severe pain if you continue to have pain despite taking acetaminophen.
Patients will also receive 500mg tablets of acetaminophen with instructions to take 1-2 tablets by mouth every 8 hours as needed for pain.
Patients will also receive 17g sachets of PEG, Dissolve in 120 to 240 mL (4 to 8 ounces) of beverage and drink. Use one sachet daily as needed to prevent constipation if you are taking the opioid study drug.

Patients will be provided with 1mg tablets of hydromorphone, instructed to take 1 tablet every 4 hours as needed for moderate to severe pain if you continue to have pain despite taking acetaminophen.
Patients will also receive 500mg tablets of acetaminophen with instructions to take 1-2 tablets by mouth every 8 hours as needed for pain.
Patients will also receive 17g sachets of PEG, Dissolve in 120 to 240 mL (4 to 8 ounces) of beverage and drink. Use one sachet daily as needed to prevent constipation if you are taking the opioid study drug.

Acute Pain

30mg tablets. Patients will be instructed to take 1 tablet every 4 hours as needed for moderate to severe pain if you continue to have pain despite taking acetaminophen.

Codeine

5mg tablets. Patients will be instructed to take 1 tablet every 4 hours as needed for moderate to severe pain if you continue to have pain despite taking acetaminophen.

Oxycodone

1mg tablets.Patients will be instructed to take 1 tablet every 4 hours as needed for moderate to severe pain if you continue to have pain despite taking acetaminophen.

Hydromorphone

Mount Sinai Hospital

Opioid Analgesics for Acute Fracture Pain in Adults Discharged From the ED

A Blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial of Opioid Analgesics for the Management of Acute Fracture Pain in Adults Discharged From the Emergency Department

Measure the difference in pain scores assessed using the brief pain inventory (short form)

Side effects will be measured using a modified version of The Numerical Opioid Side Effect (NOSE) Assessment Tool during the telephone follow-up. This measures nausea, fatigue, constipation, itching, sexual desire/libido, dry mouth, abdominal pain, sweating, headache, and urinary retention on 11 point scales.

number of falls, number of visits to healthcare providers

Participants will be asked how pain interferes with various activities of daily living (general activity, mood, walking, normal work, relations, sleep, enjoyment of life, and "other") on 11 point scales.

Catherine Varner, MD

Clinician Scientist

Mount Sinai Hospital, Canada

Pharmacy will prepare study drugs in opaque vials with identical labels based on a randomization scheme provided by the trial methodologist. The opaque vials will be included in sealed, sequentially numbered study packets that will be replaced as they are used. To avoid potential patient selection and allocation bias, all physicians, nurses, RAs and patients will be blinded to the randomization schedule. Study investigators will be permitted to un-blind the study medication in the event of allergic reaction, consisting of rash and/or airway compromise.

Volunteers will receive an incremental rising dose infusion of IA NAC (6 doses) together with a co-infusion of normal saline to determine a dose response curve for arterial vasodilatation in the forearm.

Subjects will receive an increasing dose infusion of NAC as described in arm 1 but in this arm will receive a co-infusion of histamine antagonists (H1 and H2 antagonists) to determine vasodilatation in response to NAC in the presence of histamine antagonists.

Subjects will receive an increasing dose infusion of NAC as described in arm 1 but in this arm will receive a co-infusion of low dose paracetamol to determine whether the vasodilatory response to NAC is inhibited.

Subjects will receive an increasing dose infusion of NAC as described in arm 1 but in this arm will receive a co-infusion of higher dose paracetamol to determine whether the vasodilatory response to NAC is inhibited.

Poisoning

We intend to use chlorphenamine (H1 antagonist) and ranitidine (H2 antagonist).Assuming NAC causes vasodilatation with an increase in forearm blood flow, we propose to administer 5 mcg/min to ensure maximal H1 blockade. In the presence of increased forearm blood flow, we propose to administer 37.5 mcg/min.

Chlorphenamine and Ranitidine

Therapeutic IV administration of 1g paracetamol results in a plasma concentration of ~12 mg/l. To achieve a desired concentration of ~25 mg/l, in the presence of a forearm blood blow of 50 ml/min, we would intend to administer an IA infusion of 1.25 mg/min. To account for the presence of increased forearm blood flow, we propose to administer 4 mg/min IA paracetamol.

Paracetamol

To achieve a local paracetamol concentration of ~200 mg/l, a concentration comparable to potentially hepatotoxic concentrations following paracetamol overdose, we propose to administer 30 mg/min paracetamol.

exanthema/nicotine

Ultrasound Evaluation of Lower Extremity Arteries After Topical Nitroglycerin Administration

The Acute Effects of E-cigarette Inhalation on Vascular Function, Microcirculation and Thrombosis

Opioid Analgesics for Acute Fracture Pain in Adults Discharged From the ED

Mechanisms of N-acetylcysteine Mediated Vascular Adverse Effects

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