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Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 exerts anti-angiogenic effects via activation of tyrosine phosphatases.

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The standardised Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 (Dr. Willmar Schwabe Pharmaceuticals, Karlsruhe, Germany) is one of the most widely used herbal remedies. Indications for this extract range from dementia to peripheral vascular disease, based on well-documented vascular effects. Surprisingly, the

Ginkgolic Acid C 17:1, Derived from Ginkgo biloba Leaves, Suppresses Constitutive and Inducible STAT3 Activation through Induction of PTEN and SHP-1 Tyrosine Phosphatase.

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Ginkgolic acid C 17:1 (GAC 17:1) extracted from Ginkgo biloba leaves, has been previously reported to exhibit diverse antitumor effect(s) through modulation of several molecular targets in tumor cells, however the detailed mechanism(s) of its actions still remains to be elucidated. Signal transducer

Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761) modulates the expression of dopamine-related genes in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced Parkinsonism in mice.

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1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) causes nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurotoxicity and behavioral impairment in rodents similar to Parkinson's disease. The MPTP mouse model is widely used to evaluate new protective agents. EGb 761 is a well-defined mixture of active compounds

Effects of Ginkgo Biloba Extract on A53T α-Synuclein Transgenic Mouse Models of Parkinson's Disease.

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Parkinson's disease (PD) is a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system mainly affecting the motor system. Presently, there is no effective and safe drug to treat patients with PD. Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE), obtained from leaves of the Ginkgo biloba tree, is a complex mixture of

Ginkgo biloba extract enhances noncontact erection in rats: the role of dopamine in the paraventricular nucleus and the mesolimbic system.

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Penile erection is essential for successful copulation in males. Dopaminergic projections from the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) to the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and from the VTA to the nucleus accumbens (NAc) are thought to exert a facilitatory effect on penile erection. Our previous study

Evaluation of Ginkgo biloba extract as an activator of human glucocorticoid receptor.

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BACKGROUND Ginkgo biloba, which is one of the most frequently used herbal medicines, is commonly used in the management of several conditions, including memory impairment. Previously, it was reported to decrease the expression of peripheral benzodiazepine receptor and the biosynthesis of

Oral Supplements of Ginkgo biloba Extract Alleviate Neuroinflammation, Oxidative Impairments and Neurotoxicity in Rotenone-Induced Parkinsonian Rats.

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Ginkgo biloba extract (GbE) is known to contain several bioactive compounds and exhibits free radical scavenging activity. Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons and is associated with oxidative stress,

Superoxide scavenging effect of Ginkgo biloba extract on serotonin-induced mitogenesis.

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We have reported previously that serotonin (5-HT) stimulates the mitogenesis of bovine pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (SMCs) through active transport of 5-HT and cellular signaling that includes elevation of superoxide (O2.-) and enhancement of protein tyrosine phosphorylation. Ginkgo biloba

Suppression of oxidized LDL-induced PDGF receptor beta activation by ginkgo biloba extract reduces MMP-1 production in coronary smooth muscle cells.

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OBJECTIVE An extract of Ginkgo Biloba L. was shown to have preventive effects on cardiovascular disorders, but the molecular mechanisms of its actions remain to be elucidated. Since matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are implicated in the rupture of atherosclerotic plaques and the subsequent

Protective effects of Ginkgo biloba extract on paraquat-induced apoptosis of PC12 cells.

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Previous studies have suggested that Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb761) has a protective potentiality against apoptosis of neurons or neuron-like cells induced by MPTP. In this study, the effects of EGb761 on PC12 cells injured by paraquat (PQ), a neurotoxin, were tested. The results showed that after

The in vivo neuromodulatory effects of the herbal medicine ginkgo biloba.

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Extracts of Ginkgo biloba leaves are consumed as dietary supplements to counteract chronic, age-related neurological disorders. We have applied high-density oligonucleotide microarrays to define the transcriptional effects in the cortex and hippocampus of mice whose diets were supplemented with the

Effect of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract on cerebral cortex amino acid levels in cerebral ischemia model rats.

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To investigate the effect of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract on amino acid levels in the cerebral cortex of cerebral ischemia model rats induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO).A rat model of cerebral ischemia was established by MCAO. Male rats were

Application of GC/MS-based metabonomic profiling in studying the lipid-regulating effects of Ginkgo biloba extract on diet-induced hyperlipidemia in rats.

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OBJECTIVE To evaluate the lipid-regulating effects of extract from Ginkgo biloba leaves (EGB) using pharmacological methods and metabonomic profiling in a rat model of diet-induced hyperlipidemia. METHODS EGB was orally administered at a dose level of 40 mg/kg in both the EGB-prevention and

Antioxidative activity of Ginkgo, Echinacea, and Ginseng tinctures.

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The aim of this study was to determine the amount of phenol compounds in tinctures prepared from Ginkgo leaves, Echinacea plant, and Ginseng roots and to evaluate the antioxidative activity of these preparations. We studied the antioxidative activity using the standard 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl

Sensitization of human neutrophil defense activities through activation of platelet-activating factor receptors by ginkgolide B, a bioactive component of the Ginkgo biloba extract EGB 761.

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Ginkgolide B (GKB, BN 52021) was described as a platelet-activating factor (Paf) receptor antagonist. However, it is not known whether all GKB biological effects are mediated through Paf receptor antagonism only. To gain insight into the drug mode of action, we investigated here the effects of GKB

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