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Critical Evaluation of the Changes in Glutamine Synthetase Activity in Models of Cerebral Stroke.

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The following article addresses some seemingly paradoxical observations concerning cerebral glutamine synthetase in ischemia-reperfusion injury. In the brain, this enzyme is predominantly found in astrocytes and catalyzes part of the glutamine-glutamate cycle. Glutamine synthetase is also thought to

Activated protein C resistance in ischemic stroke not due to factor V arginine506-->glutamine mutation.

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OBJECTIVE Resistance to activated protein C (APC), a natural plasma anticoagulant, is the most common identifiable risk factor for venous thromboembolic disease. One point mutation in coagulation factor V that renders it APC-resistant is found in >90% of APC-resistant venous thrombosis patients. To

Sum of two catalytic activities of the glutamine synthetase enzyme is a blood biomarker for stroke and is optimized for a rapid diagnostic test.

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Can L-glutamine augmented heat shock protein 70 expression prevent exercise-induced exertional heat stroke and sudden cardiac death?

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Modulation of astrocytic glutamine synthetase expression and cell viability by histamine in cultured cortical astrocytes exposed to OGD insults.

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Histamine, a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator has been demonstrated to be neuroprotective in cerebral ischemia. However, few reports concern its function on astrocytes during cerebral ischemia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of histamine on astrocytic cell damage and

Critical role of the astrocyte for functional remodeling in contralateral hemisphere of somatosensory cortex after stroke.

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After ischemic stroke, the corresponding area contralateral to the lesion may partly compensate for the loss of function. We previously reported the remodeling of neuronal circuits in the contralateral somatosensory cortex (SSC) during the first week after infarction for processing bilateral

Role of D-serine in the beneficial effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in post-stroke patients.

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Abnormalities in neurotransmission via N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor (NMDAR) play a role in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders. The impact of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on NMDAR-related amino acids remains unknown. We aim to investigate the

Original nerve growth factor mimetic dipeptide GK-2 limits the manifestations of hemorrhagic stroke in rats.

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The protective effects of a new low-molecular-weight mimetic of nerve growth factor hexamethylene diamide bis-(N-monosuccinyl-L-glutamine-L-lysine; GK-2) were studied on the experimental model of hemorrhagic stroke (intracerebral posttraumatic hematoma) in rats. Intraperitoneal injections of GK-2 in

Comparison of glutamine-enhanced glutamate release from slices and primary cultures of rat brain.

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Increased extracellular glutamate has been associated with a wide range of effects including production of neurotoxicity. Glutamine has previously been shown to cause increased release of glutamate from a variety of preparations. Extracellular central nervous system (CNS) glutamine levels are known

Enteral ecoimmunonutrition reduced enteral permeability and serum ghrelin activity in severe cerebral stroke patients with lung infection.

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The study analyzed how enteral ecoimmunonutrition, which comprises probiotics, glutamine, fish oil, and Enteral Nutritional Suspension (TPF), can impact on the enteral permeability and serum Ghrelin activity in severe cerebral stroke patients with lung infection. Among 190 severe cerebral stroke

Evaluation of Parametric Response Mapping to Assess Therapeutic Response to Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells after Experimental Stroke.

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Stroke is the leading cause of disability in adults. After the very narrow time frame during which treatment by thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy is possible, cell therapy has huge potential for enhancing stroke recovery. Accurate analysis of the response to new therapy using imaging

Glutamine is cardioprotective in patients with ischemic heart disease following cardiopulmonary bypass.

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BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to investigate the cardioprotective effects of the perioperative use of N(2)-L-alanyl-L-glutamine (GLN) in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) who undergo their operations under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). METHODS This double-blind,

Reduced prefrontal N-acetylaspartate in stroke patients with apathy.

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BACKGROUND Although substantial numbers of stroke patients suffer from apathy, its causes are still poorly understood. Previous studies suggest that dysfunction of the frontal lobes is implicated in the pathophysiology of motivation. Our aim was to investigate the association between proton magnetic

Stroke in Icelandic patients with hereditary amyloid angiopathy is related to a mutation in the cystatin C gene, an inhibitor of cysteine proteases.

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Cystatin C is an inhibitor of lysosomal cysteine proteases and consists of 120 amino acids. A variant of cystatin C lacking the first NH2-terminal residues and having one amino acid substitution at position 68 forms amyloid deposits mainly in the walls of brain arteries, causing fatal strokes in

[Effects of ulinastatin combined with glutamine on early hemodynamics in patients with severe burns].

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Objective: To observe the effect of ulinastatin combined with glutamine on early hemodynamics in patients with severe burns. Methods: Thirty-two patients with severe burns who met the inclusion criteria and hospitalized in the Affiliated Huaihai Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University

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