mannitol/obesitas

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Airway Hyperresponsiveness to Mannitol in Obesity Before and After Bariatric Surgery.

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BACKGROUND The relationship between airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and obesity, a low-grade systemic inflammatory condition, remains largely unknown. It is established that AHR to indirect stimuli is associated with active airway inflammation. The objectives were to investigate the rate of AHR to

In vivo fluorescence microscopy of microcirculation in the renal cortex of mice. Part V. Effects of mannitol and iohexol infusions in normal, obese/hyperglycemic and diabetic mice.

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In vivo fluorescence microscopy was used in experimental studies of renal cortical microcirculation in mice. The effects of i.v. infusions of mannitol and iohexol were studied in normal and obese/hyperglycemic mice and in mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus. All infusions produced

Impaired glucose metabolism and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in obese prepubertal asthmatic children.

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The prevalence of asthma and obesity has risen in parallel over the last decades, but the exact mechanisms linking these two diseases still remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the associations between bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR), impaired glucose metabolism,

Intraindividual Variation in Markers of Intestinal Permeability and Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Healthy Normal-Weight to Obese Adults.

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Intestinal permeability and adipose tissue inflammation are considered mechanistic links in the relationship between diet, obesity, and chronic disease. However, methods to measure both are not well standardized, and the reliability of commonly used measures is not

In vivo and in vitro regulation of [3H]glyburide binding to brain sulfonylurea receptors in obesity-prone and resistant rats by glucose.

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Select brain neurons increase their firing rate when ambient glucose levels rise, possibly via a neuronal ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channel and its associated sulfonylurea receptor (SUR). We used receptor autoradiographic binding of 20 nM [3H]glyburide (in the presence or absence of Gpp(NH)p which

Pharmacokinetic characteristics of bolus-administered mannitol in patients undergoing elective craniotomy.

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To better understand mannitol pharmacokinetics, the authors constructed and compared population models for high-versus low-dose bolus infusions in humans. Patients (aged 18-75, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status 1-3) scheduled for elective craniotomy with an anticipated need for

[Rhabdomyolysis in morbidly obese patient submitted to gastric bypass and during upper limb revascularization of pediatric patient: case reports.].

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OBJECTIVE Rhabdomyolysis is a syndrome caused by skeletal muscle injury. Its etiology is broad with special interest when it is manifested as intra or post-anesthetic complication. This report aimed at describing two cases of rhabdomyolysis in the postoperative period of long procedures in morbidly

Effects of mannitol and iohexol infusions on the renal cortical blood flow in dehydrated mice.

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In vivo fluorescence microscopy was used in experimental studies of renal cortical microcirculation in mice. The effects of intravenous infusions of equimolar concentrations of mannitol and iohexol were studied in normal lean mice and obese/hyperglycemic mice after dehydration overnight. All

Effects of high glucose on vascular endothelial growth factor synthesis and secretion in aortic vascular smooth muscle cells from obese and lean Zucker rats.

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Type 1 diabetes is characterized by insulin deficiency, type 2 by both insulin deficiency and insulin resistance: in both conditions, hyperglycaemia is accompanied by an increased cardiovascular risk, due to increased atherosclerotic plaque formation/instabilization and impaired collateral vessel

Preformulation characterization and in vivo absorption in beagle dogs of JFD, a novel anti-obesity drug for oral delivery.

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JFD (N-isoleucyl-4-methyl-1,1-cyclopropyl-1-(4-chlorine)phenyl-2-amylamine·HCl) is a novel investigational anti-obesity drug without obvious cardiotoxicity. The objective of this study was to characterize the key physicochemical properties of JFD, including solution-state characterization

Muscle glucose transport and phosphorylation in type 2 diabetic, obese nondiabetic, and genetically predisposed individuals.

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Our objectives were to quantitate insulin-stimulated inward glucose transport and glucose phosphorylation in forearm muscle in lean and obese nondiabetic subjects, in lean and obese type 2 diabetic (T2DM) subjects, and in normal glucose-tolerant, insulin-resistant offspring of two T2DM parents.

Muscle glucose transport, GLUT-4 content, and degree of exercise training in obese Zucker rats.

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The effects of high (HI)- and low (LI)-intensity exercise training were examined on insulin-stimulated 3-O-methyl-D-glucose (3-MG) transport and concentration of insulin-regulatable glucose transporter protein (GLUT-4) in the red (fast-twitch oxidative) and white (fast-twitch glycolytic) quadriceps

Case report: Rhabdomyolysis in morbidly obese patients: anesthetic considerations.

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OBJECTIVE We report the presentation and management of rhabdomyolysis involving shoulder girdle and upper arm muscles in a morbidly obese patient after prolonged laparoscopic surgery. METHODS A 41-yr-old morbidly obese woman presented for laparoscopic abdominal hysterectomy. She had hypertension and

Obesity-related metabolite profiles of black women spanning the epidemiologic transition.

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In developed countries, specific metabolites have been associated with obesity and metabolic diseases, e.g. type 2 diabetes. It is unknown whether a similar profile persists across populations of African-origin, at increased risk for obesity and related diseases. In a cross-sectional study of

Rhabdomyolysis of gluteal muscles leading to renal failure: a potentially fatal complication of surgery in the morbidly obese.

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BACKGROUND Rhabdomyolysis is a well-known cause of renal failure and is most commonly caused by ischemia/reperfusion or crush injury. We describe a new cause of this syndrome in a series of 6 patients who underwent necrosis of the gluteal muscles after bariatric surgery, 3 of whom eventually died of

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