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Potentiation of genotoxicity by concurrent application of compounds found in betel quid: arecoline, eugenol, quercetin, chlorogenic acid and Mn2+.
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5 components of the betel quid were examined for their clastogenic activities individually and in various combinations. They included the alkaloid, arecoline, from the betel nut (Areca catechu L.), eugenol, from the betel vine (Piper belle L.), chlorogenic acid, from tobacco leaves (Nicotiana
Correlation of antiangiogenic, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of some Sudanese medicinal plants with phenolic and flavonoid contents.
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BACKGROUND
Consumption of medicinal plants to overcome diseases is traditionally belongs to the characteristics of most cultures on this earth. Sudan has been a host and cradle to various ancient civilizations and developed a vast knowledge on traditional medicinal plants. The present study was
Insights into the transcriptomics of polyphagy: Bemisia tabaci adaptability to phenylpropanoids involves coordinated expression of defense and metabolic genes.
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The whitefly Bemisia tabaci is a major generalist agricultural pest of field and horticultural crops world-wide. Despite its importance, the molecular bases of defense mechanisms in B. tabaci against major plant secondary defense compounds, such as the phenylpropanoids, remain unknown. Our
Identification of leucoanthocyanidin reductase and anthocyanidin reductase genes involved in proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in Malus crabapple plants.
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Proanthocyanidins (PAs) from plants are a nutritionally valuable component of the human diet and play important roles in defense against pests and diseases. PAs are products of the flavonoid pathway, which also leads to the production of anthocyanins and flavonols. The enzymes leucoanthocyanidin
Induction of pyridine alkaloid formation in transformed root cultures of Nicotiana tabacum.
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Hairy root cultures of Nicotiana tabacum were set up by excised root tips with Agrobacterium rhizogenes. The successful transformation was confirmed by analyzing rolC and virC genes using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Hairy root cultures were employed to study the formation of pyridine alkaloids,
Regulation and function of the flavonoid-inducible efflux system, emrR-emrAB, in Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58.
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The expression of the Agrobacterium tumefaciens emrAB operon, which encodes a membrane fusion protein and an inner membrane protein, is inducible by various flavonoids, including apigenin, genistein, luteolin, naringenin, and quercetin. Among these flavonoids, quercetin is the best inducer, followed
17-Hydroxygeranyllinalool glycosides are major resistance traits of Nicotiana obtusifolia against attack from tobacco hornworm larvae.
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In the Great Basin Desert, Nicotiana obtusifolia (synonymous with Nicotiana trigonophylla) and Nicotiana attenuata co-occur, but the former is frequently less attacked by larvae of the tobacco hornworm than the latter, despite having lower nicotine and trypsin protease inhibitor defenses. Glycosides
O-diphenol O-methyltransferases of healthy and tobacco-mosaic-virus-infected hypersensitive tobacco.
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Three distinct o-diphenol O-methyltransferases (OMTs) were found in leaves of Nicotiana tabacum, variety Samsun NN. They could be clearly distinguished by differences in elution pattern upon chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and in specificity towards 16 diphenolic substrates. The phenylpropanoids
Four flavonoid glycosyltransferases present in tea overexpressed in model plants Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana tabacum for functional identification.
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Tea possesses a distinctive flavor profile and can have health benefits owing to the high levels of flavonoids in its leaves. However, the mechanism of the flavonoid glycosylation hasn't been well studied in tea plants, especially glycosylation at the 7-OH site has rarely been reported. In this
Increased Flavonol Levels in Tobacco Expressing AcFLS Affect Flower Color and Root Growth.
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The onion (Allium cepa L.) flavonol synthase (AcFLS-HRB) gene, encoding an enzyme responsible for flavonol biosynthesis in yellow onion, was recently identified and enzymatically characterized. Here, we performed an in vivo feeding assay involving bacterial expression of
UGT79B31 is responsible for the final modification step of pollen-specific flavonoid biosynthesis in Petunia hybrida.
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UNASSIGNED
UGT79B31 encodes flavonol 3- O -glycoside: 2″- O -glucosyltransferase, an enzyme responsible for the terminal modification of pollen-specific flavonols in Petunia hybrida. Flavonoids are known to be involved in pollen fertility in petunia (P. hybrida) and maize (Zea mays). As a first step
Functional Characterization of a New Tea (Camellia sinensis) Flavonoid Glycosyltransferase.
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Tea (Camellia sinensis) is an important commercial crop, in which the high content of flavonoids provides health benefits. A flavonoid glycosyltransferase (CsUGT73A20), belonging to cluster IIIa, was isolated from tea plant. The recombinant CsUGT73A20 in Escherichia coli exhibited a broad substrate
Allometric analysis of the induced flavonols on the leaf surface of wild tobacco (Nicotiana attenuata).
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Trichomes excrete secondary metabolites that may alter the chemical composition of the leaf surface, reducing damage caused by herbivores, pathogens and abiotic stresses. We examined the surface exudates produced by Nicotiana attenuata Torr. Ex Wats., a plant known to contain and secrete a number of
Post-transcriptional silencing of flavonol synthase mRNA in tobacco leads to fruits with arrested seed set.
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Flavonoids are synthesized by phenylpropanoid pathway. They are known to participate in large number of physiological and biochemical processes in plants. Parthenocarpy and male sterility has earlier been reported by silencing chalcone synthase (CHS) encoding gene. Silencing of CHS has blocked the
Early steps in proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in the model legume Medicago truncatula.
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Oligomeric proanthocyanidins (PAs) composed primarily of epicatechin units accumulate in the seed coats of the model legume Medicago truncatula, reaching maximal levels at around 20 d after pollination. Genes encoding the single Medicago anthocyanidin synthase (ANS; EC 1.14.11.19) and
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