[The risk factors and clinical forms of diabetic foot infections in dependence on the type of diabetes mellitus].

The aim of the work--the study of risk factors and detection of prevailing clinical form of diabetic foot infections (DFI) in dependence on type diabetes mellitus (DM). 157 patients with DM and DFI (25 type 1 DM cases and 132 type 2 DM cases) and 689 DM patients without DFI (282 type 1 DM cases and 407 type 2 DM cases) were examined. DFI cases differed from both type DM without DFI in greater number of complications. Associated with decompensated DM amputations and developing ulcerations were been mentioned in history in about a quarter of both type DM patients. DFI risk factors in type 1 DM appeared to be a combination of sensor and autonomic neuropathy (OR: 6.58; 95% CI: 2.74-14.9; a < 0.05), preprpoliferative retinopathy (RP) (OR: 4.62; 95% CI: 1.98-10.7; a < 0.05), in type 2 DM: macroangiopathy of lower extremities (OR: 4.59; 95% CI 2.98-7.1; a < 0.05), obesity (OR: 4.65; 95% CI 2.42-8.9; a < 0.05), concomitant exertional angina (OR 3.3; 95% CI 2.2-5.1; a < 0.05), a proteinuric stage of nephropathy (OR: 2.6; 95% CI: 1.74-3.9; a < 0.05), prominent sensor neuropathy (OR: 2.3; 95% CI 1.3-4.2; a < 0.05), preprpoliferative RP (OR: 2.1; 95% CI 1.41-3.13; a < 0.05). In type 1 DM and DFI neuropathic form of DFI prevailed (88%), in type 2 DM--neuroischemic form of DFI (66%). Ischemic form of DFI was determined in type 2 DM only (6%). In type 2 DM cases with DFI there was revealed a high rate of risk factors of atherosclerosis.