Triacylglycerol-Rich Oils of Marine Origin are Optimal Nutrients for Induction of Polyunsaturated Docosahexaenoic Acid Ester of Hydroxy Linoleic Acid (13-DHAHLA) with Anti-Inflammatory Properties in Mice.

Docosahexaenoic acid ester of hydroxy linoleic acid (DHAHLA) is a bioactive lipids with anti-inflammatory properties from the family of fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFA).

To explore the biosynthesis of 13-DHAHLA from dietary oils, C57BL/6N mice were gavaged for 8 days with various corn oil / marine oil mixtures containing the same amount of DHA. Plasma levels of omega-3 FAHFAs were influenced by the lipid composition of the mixtures but did not reflect the changes in bioavailability of polyunsaturated fatty acids in plasma. Triacylglycerol-bound DHA and linoleic acid served as more effective precursors for 13-DHAHLA synthesis than DHA bound in phospholipids or wax esters. Both 13(S)- and 13(R)-DHAHLA inhibited antigen and PGE₂ -induced chemotaxis and degranulation of mast cells to a comparable extent and 13(S)-DHAHLA was identified as the predominant isomer in mouse adipose tissue.

Here we identified the optimal nutritional source of DHA, which supports production of anti-inflammatory FAHFAs, as triacylglycerol-based marine oil and also revealed a possible role of triacylglycerols in the synthesis of FAHFA lipokines. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.