A beverage (330 mL) made with lemon and maqui extracts and sweetened with sucralose was taken by participants, during 60 days. Beverages were made in a semi-industrial process in a pilot plant. Microbiological tests, quality controls and shelf-life assays were performed following legislation on beverages.
Concentrations of lemon and maqui extract are under industrial secret. The sweetener sucralose was added within the ranges established by law as maximums.
The beverage was carried out in the pilot plant of a company (Nutracitrus) with all the safety systems, tested by an external lab (Ecosur), apart from the routine controls themselves.
All ingredients were suitable for consumption and purchased from different companies with their respective certificates and conservation was at 5 º C for a maximum of 7 days, prior to administration to volunteers.

A beverage (330 mL) made with lemon and maqui extracts and sweetened with saccharose was taken by participants, during 60 days. Beverages were made in a semi-industrial process in a pilot plant. Microbiological tests, quality controls and shelf-life assays were performed following legislation on beverages.
Concentrations of lemon and maqui extract are under industrial secret. The sweetener saccharose was added within the ranges established by law as maximums.
The beverage was carried out in the pilot plant of a company (Nutracitrus) with all the safety systems, tested by an external lab (Ecosur), apart from the routine controls themselves.
All ingredients were suitable for consumption and purchased from different companies with their respective certificates and conservation was at 5 º C for a maximum of 7 days, prior to administration to volunteers.

A beverage (330 mL) made with lemon and maqui extracts and sweetened with stevia extract was taken by participants, during 60 days. Beverages were made in a semi-industrial process in a pilot plant. Microbiological tests, quality controls and shelf-life assays were performed following legislation on beverages.
Concentrations of lemon and maqui extract are under industrial secret. The sweetener stevia was added within the ranges established by law as maximums.
The beverage was carried out in the pilot plant of a company (Nutracitrus) with all the safety systems, tested by an external lab (Ecosur), apart from the routine controls themselves.
All ingredients were suitable for consumption and purchased from different companies with their respective certificates and conservation was at 5 º C for a maximum of 7 days, prior to administration to volunteers.

Obesity

Inflammation

Insulin Sensitivity

The beverages were all made with lemon and maqui extracts, and different sweeteners

Beverages

Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM)

Evaluation of New Beverages Rich in Bioactive Compounds for the Modulation of Energetic Metabolism in Overweight Adults

Evaluación Del Efecto de Bebidas Ricas en Compuestos Bioactivos Para Modular el Metabolismo Energético en Adultos Con Sobrepeso

Plasma levels of c-reactive protein (mg/dL)

Plasma concentrations of Total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, Triglycerides

Insulin and glucose levels will be combined to report HOMA index

weight and height will be combined to report BMI in kg/m^2

Débora Villaño

Associate Professor

Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia

National Research Council, Spain

The chronic study consisted on a 60 days consumption of a beverage (330 mL) made with lemon and maqui and added a particular sweetener.

Beverages were provided by manufacturer with codes and no one, up to now, knows the sweetener added on each type.

Naturally-sweetened orange juice Form: Beverage Daily dosage: 25% of daily energy requirement Frequency: Divided into 3 servings/day Duration: 4 weeks

Sugar-sweetened beverage Form: Beverage Daily dosage: 25% of daily energy requirement Frequency: Divided into 3 servings/day Duration: 4 weeks

Cardiovascular Risk Factor

Type2 Diabetes Mellitus

Metabolic Syndrome

Commercially-available ready-to-serve refrigerated orange juice

Naturally-sweetened orange juice

Sugar-sweetened water flavored with Kool-Aid (TM)

Sugar-sweetened beverage

University of California, Davis

Orange Juice And Sugar Intervention Study

The Effects of Orange Juice Compared With Sugar-sweetened Beverage on Risk Factors and Metabolic Processes Associated With the Development of Cardiovascular Disease and Type 2 Diabetes

Endogenous glucose production during hyperinsulinemic clamp

Plasma postprandial triglyceride concentration

Urine concentration of 3-(3'-hydroxy-4'-methoxyphenyl)hydracrylic

Urine concentration hesperetin-3'-O-glucuronide

Urine concentration hesperetin-3'-sulfate

Fasting and postprandial plasma apoCIII concentration

Determined from glucose isotopomer distribution

Endogenous glucose production minus gluconeogenesis

Determined from glycerol isotopomer distribution

Urine concentration hesperetin-7-O-glucuronide

Urine concentration naringenin-4'-O-glucuronide

Urine concentration naringen-7-O-glucuronide

fasting and postprandial plasma insulin concentration

fasting and postprandial plasma glucose concentration

fasting and postprandial plasma malondialdehyde concentration

fasting and postprandial plasma total antioxidant status

Assessed by 19 questions that are scored on a 5-point scale with 5 describing eating behavior driven by reasons other than hunger (i.e. emotions, social pressure)

Final dataset will include data collected specifically for the study and data provided during screening in the medical history form. This includes some demographic information and data regarding family history of disease. We will make data and demographic information available to other investigators upon request. The dataset will be stripped of all unique identifiers and subject characteristics and prepared in accordance with all HIPAA regulations prior to release for sharing. Study outcome results will be submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov no later than one year after the trial's primary completion date.

Touro University, California

All outcomes will be analyzed/assessed by subject identity number, which are assigned prior to randomization to experimental arm.

The intervention visit involves a test meal to be consumed by subjects attending the Human Nutrition Unit in the morning, following an overnight fast. The meal will be consumed within 15 minutes and blood (69 mL) and urine samples will be collected during 24 hours.
The test meals are designed to contain the same amount of proteins. Alternative protein meals: a number of bread buns for each meal containing individual alternative protein flours (green pea, lupin, hemp, buckwheat, fava beans). These will deliver 30 g of protein, the remainder being provided by white flour. The control (meat) meal: a lean beef steak containing 30 g of protein and a bun containing the same amount of white flour as used for the alternative protein bread buns.
The semi structured interview guide: will take place within the Human Nutrition Unit during one of the scheduled visits, once initial screening has taken place and participants have been selected. All interviews will be digitally recorded.

Healthy

Fava bean, Lupin, Beef meat, Green pea, Hemp, Buckwheat

Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen

Health Impacts of Sustainable Ingredient Selection in the Food and Drink Industry - ALTERNATIVE PROTEIN STUDY

Each intervention visit will involve a test meal to be consumed by subjects attending the Human Nutrition Unit (HNU) in the morning, following an overnight fast. They will be provided with a meal, which will be consumed within 15 minutes and blood (69 mL) and urine samples will be collected during 24 hours .
Biomarkers of satiety as measured by gut-related hormones and subjective appetite using visual analogue scales, specifically to be collected during the meal over a three hour period, every 30 minutes. The energy intake measured for each volunteer after an ad libitum lunch (five hours after test meal).
Biomarkers of CVD risk including total cholesterol, low density lipoproteins (LDL), high density lipoproteins (HDL), triglycerides and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA).
Assessment of peripheral glycaemic control, fasting glucose, area under the curve combined with insulin data.

The intervention visit will involve a test meal to be consumed by subjects attending the Human Nutrition Unit (HNU) in the morning, following an overnight fast. They will be provided with a meal, which will be consumed within 15 minutes and blood (69 mL) and urine samples will be collected during 24 hours
Plasma and urine markers of important phytochemical and protein metabolites will be quantitatively analysed to determine the systemic availability, in vivo concentrations and excretion times.

With regard to the social science component of the project, in-depth semi-structured interviews will be used for assessing the volunteers view towards diets rich in alternative plant proteins. For each volunteer will be conducted an digitally recorded interview(one hour), during one of the scheduled visits at the Human Nutrition Unit, once initial screening has taken place and participants have been selected.

University of Aberdeen

2 daily doses (250 ml each) during 3 months

Overweight

Orange juice based beverage enriched in polyphenols

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Center for Biomedical Research, University of

Evaluation of a New Orange-Based Beverage Enriched With Polyphenols in Adult Humans

Evaluation of a New Orange-Based Beverage Enriched With Polyphenols (Whole Press) on Features of Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Risk Factors Related to Inflammation and Antioxidant Defense System in Adult Humans

The HOMA index will be calculated as the product of the fasting plasma insulin level (mU/mL) and the fasting plasma glucose level (mmol/L), divided by 22.5

Biomarkers of the non-enzymatic (NE-ADS) and enzymatic antioxidant defense system (E-ADS). For the NE-ADS, in addition to total plasma antioxidant capacity, malondialdhyde, and total carbonyl protein derivatives, plasma α-tocopherol, β-carotene, retinol, coenzyme Q and total blood glutathione will be determined. Furthermore, the amount of plasma oxidized LDL and urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and F2-isoprostanes will be measured. For E-ADS the activities of glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase in red blood cells will be assessed.

Biomarkers of inflammation: Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1)and polymorphonuclear neutrophils myeloperoxidase (MPO)

Biomarkers of cardiovascular risk:soluble endothelial selectin (sE-selectin), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule (sVCAM-1), total and active tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (tPAI-1), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α).

Gastrointestinal hormones involved in the control of satiety and insulin secretion i.e. active amylin, ghrelin (GHR), glucagon peptide-1 (GLP-1), gastric inhibitory peptide or gastric insulinotropic peptide (GIP), polypeptide YY 3-36, pancreatic polypeptide (PP).
Likewise, adiponectin, leptin, resistin, visfatin, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), nerve growth factor (NGF), retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) and L-fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP) will be determined

Whole genome gene expression analysis: This analysis will be carried out in a subset of 20 control and 20 experimental samples at four times: 160 arrays. The GeneChip® Human Exon 1.0 ST will be used for the gene expression analysis.
Validation by Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR): In order to confirm the arrays results, a total of 93 differentially expressed genes in the experimental samples will be analyzed by RTPCR using low density arrays

Concepcion Aguilera

Lecturer of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

The Coca-Cola Company

Healthy Volunteers

The main objective of this study is to evaluate, in healthy volunteers with young children (50 and 65) and slightly overweight according to their usual diet, the effects of single dose (in postprandial period) and made repeated orange juice or orange flavanones purified on vascular function. The selection criteria for age and weight should, within a healthy population to select individuals who exhibit cardiovascular risk factors, and thus for which it should be a priori easier to identify a beneficial effect of dietary factors on the parameters associated with cardiovascular risk.

flavanone/otyłość

Evaluation of New Beverages Rich in Bioactive Compounds for the Modulation of Energetic Metabolism in Overweight Adults

Orange Juice And Sugar Intervention Study

Health Impacts of Sustainable Ingredient Selection in the Food and Drink Industry - ALTERNATIVE PROTEIN STUDY

Evaluation of a New Orange-Based Beverage Enriched With Polyphenols in Adult Humans

Effects of Consumption of Orange Juice on Vascular Protection and Immune Function: Clinical Study on the Specific Contribution of Citrus Flavanones

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