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thyroid nodule/tyrosine

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Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) exerts proliferative activities in thyrocytes upon binding to its tyrosine kinase receptor c-met and is also expressed in benign thyroid nodules as well as in Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). The simultaneous expression of HGF/c-met and three trasducers of tyrosine kinase

Detection of papillary thyroid carcinoma by analysis of BRAF and RET/PTC1 mutations in fine-needle aspiration biopsies of thyroid nodules.

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BACKGROUND Activating mutations of the oncogene BRAF or rearrangements of the tyrosine kinase receptor RET are observed in up to 80% of papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs). The predominant BRAF V600E mutation has not been detected in benign thyroid tissue so far, so consequently, this assumedly
BACKGROUND Thyroid nodules are present in 19%-67% of the population and carry a 5%-10% risk of malignancy. Unfortunately, fine-needle aspiration biopsies are indeterminate in 20%-30% of patients, often necessitating thyroid surgery for diagnosis. Numerous DNA microarray studies including a recently

Pathogenesis of thyroid nodules: histological classification?

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Thyroid nodule genesis may be considered as an amplification of thyroid heterogeneity due to genetic and/or epigenetic mechanisms. We classified the thyroid nodules in five types with distinct histological features: hyperplastic, neoplastic, colloid, cystic and thyroiditic nodules. Hyperplastic:

[The "cold" thyroid nodule].

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The main problem posed by an (apparent) solitary thyroid nodule is cancer identification, present in about 10% of the nodules excised surgically. This percent might increase to 25-30% in the cold scintigraphic nodules. Therefore, a combination of all the methods for nodule assessment is necessary:

PREDICTIVE VALUE OF SOMATIC MUTATIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF MALIGNANCY IN THYROID NODULES BY CYTOPATHOLOGY.

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OBJECTIVE The purpose of our prospective longitudinal study was to evaluate the predictive efficacy of genetic testing for malignancies in fine-needle aspiration biopsy samples that are cytologically benign at the time of biopsy. METHODS A total of 779 aspirated cytological samples collected from

The infectious thyroid nodule: a case report of mucormycosis associated with ibrutinib therapy.

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Acute invasive fungal infections of the head and neck secondary to tyrosine kinase inhibitors are rare and potentially life-threatening events.We report a case of mucormycosis of the thyroid gland in a patient known for chronic lymphocytic leukemia
BACKGROUND Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology is a common approach to evaluating thyroid nodules, although 20% to 30% of FNAs have indeterminate cytology, which hampers the appropriate management of these patients. Follicular (or oncocytic) neoplasm/suspicious for a follicular (or oncocytic)

Thyroid Cancer Detection by Ultrasound Molecular Imaging with SHP2-Targeted Perfluorocarbon Nanoparticles.

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UNASSIGNED Contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging has been widely used in the ultrasound diagnosis of a variety of tumours with high diagnostic accuracy, especially in patients with hepatic carcinoma, while its application is rarely reported in thyroid cancer. The currently used ultrasound contrast

Biosynthesis of thyroid hormone: basic and clinical aspects.

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Thyroid hormone formation requires the coincident presence of peroxidase, H2O2, iodide, and acceptor protein at one anatomic locus in the cell. The peroxidase enzyme appears to be a protoporphyrin lX containing heme protein, with binding sites for both iodide and tyrosine. It is probable that both

Characteristics of clear cell renal cell carcinoma metastases to the thyroid gland: A systematic review.

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Thyroid gland is an uncommon site for metastases from clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) and literature is scarce. Due to the variable and often long lag time before development of metastases in patients with CCRCC, thyroid nodules may be misdiagnosed initially as benign. This

Clinical observation of apatinib-related hypothyroidism in patients with advanced malignancies

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Thyroid dysfunction has been previously reported during treatment with certain small-molecule multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitors, including sunitinib and sorafenib. Apatinib, which has a similar mechanism of action to these inhibitors, has reportedly induced hypothyroidism during treatment. Fully

Combined staining for immunohistochemical markers in the diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma: improvement in the sensitivity or specificity?

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OBJECTIVE To investigate the ability of cytokeratin (CK)-19, galectin-3, human bone marrow endothelial cell (HBME)-1 and tyrosine kinase-type cell surface receptor HER2 (HER-2/neu) to differentiate papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) from benign thyroid nodules. METHODS Archival specimens of PTC and
BACKGROUND RET mutation analysis provides useful information on the clinical outcome of medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTCs) and the risk of disease in the family members. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to document genotype-phenotype relationships in an Italian family with a novel RET

[Management of thyroid cancers and nodules: what's new].

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The use of 18FDG-PET has become standard in the management of various malignancies but its application to thyroid nodules and carcinomas is not yet well defined. For the evaluation of thyroid nodules, 18FDG-PET can not consistently predict the nature of the lesions although there are some trends to
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