Journal of Applied Microbiology 2020-Apr
Pithecellobium clypearia extract enriched in gallic acid and luteolin has antibacterial activity against MRSA and reduces resistance to erythromycin, ceftriaxone sodium and levofloxacin.
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METHODS AND RESULT
For this study, four extracts from P. clypearia were tested on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) using the broth microdilution method for activity assessment. The ethyl acetate fraction (S20b) had the strongest antibacterial activity against MRSA among the fractions tested. 14 compounds such as gallic acid and luteolin in S20b were analysed by UFLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. S20b combined with erythromycin showed synergy effects against MRSA and combined with ceftriaxone sodium and levofloxacin showed additive effects against MRSA. Electron microscopy showed that extract S20b damaged the MRSA cell wall and K+ efflux measurements indicated that extract S20b increased cell membrane permeability. Moreover, S20b suppression of PBP2a expression was assessed by Western blot. Furthermore, an in vivo study was used to investigate the therapeutic potential of S20b based on a mouse pneumonia model.