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Redox regulation of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal-mediated endothelial barrier dysfunction by focal adhesion, adherens, and tight junction proteins.

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4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), one of the major biologically active aldehydes formed during inflammation and oxidative stress, has been implicated in a number of cardiovascular and pulmonary disorders. 4-HNE has been shown to increase vascular endothelial permeability; however, the underlying

Synergistic benefit of combined amlodipine plus atorvastatin on neuronal damage after stroke in Zucker metabolic rat.

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Stroke is a major neurologic disorder and a leading cause of death in the world. We compared neuroprotective effects of single or combination therapy of amlodipine (AM) and atorvastatin (AT) in such a metabolic syndrome model Zucker rat after 90 min of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion

Antioxidative effects of a novel dietary supplement Neumentix in a mouse stroke model

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Background: During an acute stroke, reactive oxygen species are overproduced and the endogenous antioxidative defense systems are disrupted. Therefore, antioxidative therapy can be a promising scheme to reduce the severity of stroke. Neumentix is a novel

Candesartan and amlodipine combination therapy provides powerful vascular protection in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats.

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The vascular protective effects of placebo, candesartan (1 mg kg(-1) per day) monotherapy, candesartan (1 mg kg(-1) per day) and amlodipine (1 mg kg(-1) per day) combination therapy, and candesartan (1 mg kg(-1) per day) and hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) (10 mg kg(-1) per day) combination therapy for 2

Protective effect of telmisartan against progressive oxidative brain damage and synuclein phosphorylation in stroke-resistant spontaneously hypertensive rats.

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Previously, we reported that reactive oxygen species and signaling molecules of angiotensin II produced lipid peroxides, degenerated proteins, and injured DNA after cerebral ischemia in normotensive Wistar rats. Here, we investigated the long-term effect of the angiotensin II type I receptor blocker

Neuroprotective Effects of a Novel Antioxidant Mixture Twendee X in Mouse Stroke Model.

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BACKGROUND Oxidative stress and inflammation are important aggravating factors in acute ischemic stroke. METHODS In the present study, the neuroprotective effects of a novel antioxidant mixture Twendee X containing multiple antioxidative ingredients, such as coenzyme Q10, ascorbic acid, and cystine,

ALDH2 protects against stroke by clearing 4-HNE.

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Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is a mitochondrial enzyme that metabolizes ethanol and toxic aldehydes such as 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE). Using an unbiased proteomic search, we identified ALDH2 deficiency in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR-SP) as compared with spontaneously

Powerful vascular protection by combining cilnidipine with valsartan in stroke-prone, spontaneously hypertensive rats.

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Cilnidipine is an L- and N-type calcium channel blocker (CCB), and amlodipine is an L-type CCB. Valsartan (10 mg kg(-1)), valsartan (10 mg kg(-1)) and amlodipine (1 mg kg(-1)), and valsartan (10 mg kg(-1)) and cilnidipine (1 mg kg(-1)) were administered once daily for 2 weeks to stroke-prone,

ALDH2 Protects Against Ischemic Stroke in Rats by Facilitating 4-HNE Clearance and AQP4 Down-Regulation.

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Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is a new therapeutic target in the central nervous system. However, the association between ALDH2 and brain edema following ischemic stroke (IS) remains unclear. The present study was investigated to whether active ALDH2 can attenuate brain edema by using a rat model

Proteomic and histochemical analysis of proteins involved in the dying-back-type of axonal degeneration in the gracile axonal dystrophy (gad) mouse.

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Local axonal degeneration is a common pathological feature of peripheral neuropathies and neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and stroke; however, the underlying molecular mechanism is not known. Here, we analyzed the gracile

Significance of angiotensin II receptor blockers with high affinity to angiotensin II type 1 receptors for vascular protection in rats.

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Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) vary in their binding affinities to angiotensin II type 1 (AT(1)) receptors in in vitro experiments. We compared a high-affinity ARB, olmesartan, and a low-affinity ARB, valsartan, in terms of their vascular protective effects in stroke-prone spontaneously

Renoprotective effect of azelnidipine in rats.

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To assess whether azelnidipine (AZN) exerts renoprotective effects, 20-week-old adult male stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRsp) were treated with AZN 10 mg/kg/d (n=6), olmesartan (OLM) 3 mg/kg/d (n=4), hydralazine (HYD) 20 mg/kg/d (n=3), or water (control; n=5). Each test agent was

Heavy ethanol consumption aggravates the ischemic cerebral injury by inhibiting ALDH2.

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BACKGROUND Heavy ethanol consumption is widely accepted as a risk for ischemic stroke. The molecular mechanisms of ethanol-induced brain injury have not been fully understood. OBJECTIVE This study aims to find out the mechanism of the ischemic cerebral injury. METHODS We used Sprague-Dawley rats

Neuroprotection by hyperbaric oxygenation after experimental focal cerebral ischemia monitored by MRI.

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BACKGROUND Hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) after focal cerebral ischemia reduces infarct size and improves outcome when applied early after stroke. Here, we evaluated effects of HBO on permanent focal cerebral ischemia and applied magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) monitoring to study lesion

Mechanistic insight into neurotoxicity of tissue plasminogen activator-induced thrombolysis products in a rat intraluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion model.

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Thrombolytic therapy with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) after ischemic stroke is effective. However, rtPA potentiates neuronal damage, and interactions between rtPA and thrombolysis products (TLP) have been reported to play a role in this. In the present study we investigated the

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