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Cerebrospinal fluid beta 2-microglobulin in patients with AIDS dementia complex: an expanded series including response to zidovudine treatment.

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OBJECTIVE To determine the relationship between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2M) and severity of AIDS dementia complex (ADC), and between CSF beta 2M and response of ADC to zidovudine. METHODS A prospective study. METHODS Tertiary referral hospital. METHODS Seventy-eight

Quinolinic acid enhances permeability of rat brain microvessels to plasma albumin.

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Several studies have established that increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of quinolinic acid (QUIN), a macrophage/microglia-derived excitotoxin with N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-receptor affinity, may reflect abnormal blood-brain barrier (BBB) function in patients with acquired

Blood-brain barrier integrity, intrathecal immunoactivation, and neuronal injury in HIV.

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OBJECTIVE Although blood-brain barrier (BBB) impairment has been reported in HIV-infected individuals, characterization of this impairment has not been clearly defined. METHODS BBB integrity was measured by CSF/plasma albumin ratio in this cross-sectional study of 631 HIV-infected individuals and 71

Cerebrospinal fluid neopterin in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.

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We evaluated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of neopterin, a putative marker of activated macrophages, in 97 subjects infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 who had a spectrum of neurological complications. The highest CSF neopterin concentrations occurred in those with

[Dynamics of intrathecal immunoglobulin synthesis].

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BACKGROUND Dynamics of the immune response in Central Nervous System (CSN) is different from the well-known switch of IgM synthesis to IgG synthesis in blood. OBJECTIVE Broadcast the behavior and the factors involved in the dynamics of the intrathecal immune response in infectious neurological

Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of clinically active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: correlation with Gd-DTPA magnetic resonance imaging-enhancement and cerebrospinal fluid findings.

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We measured soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 35 clinically active relapsing-remitting (RR) multiple sclerosis (MS) patients who underwent both lumbar puncture and gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA)-enhanced MRI within an interval of 1

Evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid uPA, PAI-1, and soluble uPAR levels in HIV-infected patients.

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To evaluate the potential role of the uPAR/uPA/PAI-1 system in HIV-induced blood-brain-barrier (BBB) disruption, CSF uPA-dependent plasminogen activation (PdPA) was analyzed by casein zymography, and CSF protein levels of all three molecules were measured by ELISA. CSF uPAR, but not uPA, PAI-1, or

Cerebrospinal fluid levels of glial marker YKL-40 strongly associated with axonal injury in HIV infection.

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HIV-1 infects the central nervous system (CNS) shortly after transmission. This leads to a chronic intrathecal immune activation. YKL-40, a biomarker that mainly reflects activation of astroglial cells, has not been thoroughly investigated in relation to HIV. The objective of our study

The diagnostic utility of elevation in cerebrospinal fluid beta 2-microglobulin in HIV-1 dementia. Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study.

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We measured serum and CSF beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2M) levels in HIV-1 seropositive individuals with and without dementia to determine the frequency and diagnostic utility of elevation of CSF beta 2M. We compared 34 samples from 27 patients with HIV-1 dementia with 110 samples from 54 HIV-1

Cerebrospinal fluid ferritin in HIV infected patients with acute neurological episodes.

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OBJECTIVE To measure cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ferritin in HIV infected patients with acute neurological episodes and to correlate the findings with the type and severity of neurological disease. METHODS CSF ferritin and the ratio of CSF to serum albumin (QAlb) were prospectively measured in 27

Endothelin-1 is elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid of HIV-infected patients with encephalopathy.

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In a cross-sectional, non-randomized, prospective study in an outpatient clinic a possible relationship between the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of the potent vasoconstrictor peptide endothelin-1 (ET-1) and prevalence and degree of HIV-encephalopathy was studied. Forty-eight CSF samples

Quinolinic acid in cerebrospinal fluid and serum in HIV-1 infection: relationship to clinical and neurological status.

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Quinolinic acid is an "excitotoxic" metabolite and an agonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. Of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) who were neurologically normal or exhibited only equivocal and subclinical signs of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

CSF quinolinic acid levels are determined by local HIV infection: cross-sectional analysis and modelling of dynamics following antiretroviral therapy.

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Quinolinic acid (QUIN) is a product of tryptophan metabolism that can act as an endogenous brain excitotoxin when released by activated macrophages. Previous studies have shown correlations between increased CSF QUIN levels and the presence of the AIDS dementia complex (ADC), a neurodegenerative

Biomarker evidence of axonal injury in neuroasymptomatic HIV-1 patients.

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BACKGROUND Prevalence of neurocognitive impairment in HIV-1 infected patients is reported to be high. Whether this is a result of active HIV-related neurodegeneration is unclear. We examined axonal injury in HIV-1 patients by measuring the light subunit of neurofilament protein (NFL) in CSF with a

Increased blood-brain barrier permeability in LP-BM5 infected mice is mediated by neuroexcitatory mechanisms.

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Serum protein levels in LP-BM5 infected mouse brains were investigated to gain insight into the contribution of blood-brain barrier (BBB) patency to the pathogenesis of retroviral encephalopathy. Evans blue uptake by the forebrain and cerebellum was significantly increased between 8-12 weeks post

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