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Salmonella enterica elicits intestinal inflammation to gain access to nutrients. One of these nutrients is fructose-asparagine (F-Asn). The availability of F-Asn to Salmonella during infection is dependent upon Salmonella pathogenicity islands 1 and 2, which in turn are required to provoke
Rat T-kininogen has been separated into two molecular variants by affinity chromatography on concanavalin A (ConA): a ConA-reactive (ConA+) and a ConA-non-reactive (ConA-) fraction, from which carbohydrate chains were quantitatively released by hydrazinolysis. On the basis of high-resolution 400 MHz
In order to obtain new biologically active compounds some derivatives of 1-[N-(m-nitrobenzoyl)-alpha-D,L-asparaginyl]-2-benzyl-benzimidazole have been synthesized by ring opening reactions of 2-(m-nitrophenyl)-4-(beta-amidomethyl)-delta 2-oxazolin-5-one and
Trueperella pyogenes (T. pyogenes) is an important opportunistic pathogen. Pyolysin (PLO) importantly contributes to the pathogenicity of T. pyogenes. However, the relationship between the structure and function and the virulence of PLO is not well documented. In the current study, recombinant PLO
The deamidation of asparagine (Asn) residues is the most common type of spontaneous post-translational protein modification and plays a vital role in inflammation, protein transformation, apoptosis, aging, and a number of degenerative diseases. Here we present a full molecular description of
Intracellular Toll-like receptors (TLRs) expressed by dendritic cells recognize nucleic acids derived from pathogens and play an important role in the immune responses against the influenza virus (IAV), a single-stranded RNA sensed by different receptors including TLR7. However, the importance of
BACKGROUND
Our aim was to test the hypothesis that metabolic and inflammatory responses of the brain perioperatively during carotid endarterectomy (CEA) might affect blood brain barrier (BBB) integrity.
METHODS
Twenty patients with >70% stenosis of internal carotid artery (ICA) were prospectively
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (Salmonella) is one of the most significant food-borne pathogens affecting both humans and agriculture. We have determined that Salmonella encodes an uptake and utilization pathway specific for a novel nutrient, fructose-asparagine (F-Asn), which is essential
Insertions in the Salmonella enterica fra locus, which encodes the fructose-asparagine (F-Asn) utilization pathway, are highly attenuated in mouse models of inflammation (>1000-fold competitive index). Here, we report that F-Asn is bacteriostatic to a fraB mutant (IC50 19 μM), but not to the
BACKGROUND
In certain pathophysiological conditions, such as inflammation rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes mellitus (DM), alterations in asparagine-linked glycan (N-glycan) patterns of the acute-phase protein, alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein (AGP), have been reported. In this study, we investigated
A critical role for intracellular TLR9 has been described in recognition and host resistance to Leishmania parasites. As TLR9 requires endolysosomal proteolytic cleavage to achieve signaling functionality, we investigated the contribution of different proteases like asparagine endopeptidase (AEP) or
Since the introduction of Herceptin and Rituximab in 1986, therapeutic antibodies have gained tremendous momentum in the treatment of broad range of several diseases such as cancer and inflammation. Selection of the clinical candidate mAb usually starts with large-scale in vitro screening and
Salmonella can utilize fructose-asparagine (F-Asn), a naturally occurring Amadori product, as its sole carbon and nitrogen source. Conversion of F-Asn to the common intermediates glucose-6-phosphate, aspartate, and ammonia was predicted to involve the sequential action of an asparaginase, a kinase,
BACKGROUND
Androgen deprivation results in massive apoptosis in the prostate gland. Macrophages are actively engaged in phagocytosing epithelial cell corpses. However, it is unknown whether microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha (LC3)-associated phagocytosis (LAP) is involved and
Enteral arginine supplementation in the critically ill has become a matter of controversy. In this study, we investigated effects of the addition of 0.4 and 1.2 mmol/L arginine in a coculture model on markers of inflammation, enterocyte layer integrity, and amino acid transport. In this model, a