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Role of energy metabolic deficits and oxidative stress in excitotoxic spinal motor neuron degeneration in vivo.

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MN (motor neuron) death in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis may be mediated by glutamatergic excitotoxicity. Previously, our group showed that the microdialysis perfusion of AMPA (α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate) in the rat lumbar spinal cord induced MN death and permanent paralysis

Disease-modifying effects of phosphocitrate and phosphocitrate-β-ethyl ester on partial meniscectomy-induced osteoarthritis.

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BACKGROUND It is believed that phosphocitrate (PC) exerts its disease-modifying effects on osteoarthritis (OA) by inhibiting the formation of crystals. However, recent findings suggest that PC exerts its disease-modifying effect, at least in part, through a crystal-independent action. This study

Functional changes in rat nigral GABA(A) receptors induced by degeneration of the striatonigral GABAergic pathway: an electrophysiological study of receptors incorporated into Xenopus oocytes.

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Expression of rat brain gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA(A)) receptors in Xenopus laevis oocytes can be achieved by injection of the oocytes with synaptosomes. This approach has now been applied to evaluate changes in the function of nigral GABA(A) receptors after degeneration of the

Autophagy Modulation by Lanthionine Ketimine Ethyl Ester Improves Long-Term Outcome after Central Fluid Percussion Injury in the Mouse.

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Diffuse axonal injury is recognized as a progressive and long-term consequence of traumatic brain injury. Axonal injury can have sustained negative consequences on neuronal functions such as anterograde and retrograde transport and cellular processes such as autophagy that depend on cytoarchitecture

Effect of intravenously administered iodipamide ethyl ester particles on rat liver morphology.

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The effect of intravenously injected iodipamide ethyl ester (IDE) particles (150 mgI/kg) on the rat liver was studied by light and electron microscopy. IDE particles were phagocytized by Kupffer cells within a few minutes postinjection. After 4 hours particles began to dissolve in the Kupffer cells

Reduction in cerebral atrophy associated with ethyl-eicosapentaenoic acid treatment in patients with Huntington's disease.

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Ultra-pure ethyl-eicosapentaenoic acid (ethyl-EPA), a semi-synthetic ethyl ester of eicosapentaenoic acid, is associated with clinical improvement in motor functioning in Huntington's disease. The aim was to determine the extent to which it might reduce the rate of progress of cerebral atrophy.

[A case of mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS), showing temporary improvement during the treatment with eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester].

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We report a 67-year-old man with mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS), successfully treated with eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester (EPA-E) for about eight months. He showed bilateral auditory disturbance and slowly progressive gait ataxia at age 50

Accumulation and elimination of particulate iodipamide ethyl ester in the lungs and kidneys of the rat. A morphological study.

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Particulate iodipamide ethyl ester, a new hepatolienographic x-ray contrast agent, was intravenously injected into rats. Lung and kidney biopsies taken at various intervals after the injection were examined by light and electron microscopy. IDE particles could be found in the lung capillaries

4-Hydroperoxy-2-decenoic acid ethyl ester protects against 6-hydroxydopamine-induced cell death via activation of Nrf2-ARE and eIF2α-ATF4 pathways.

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Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Oxidative stress has been reported to be closely related to the pathogenesis and worsening of symptoms of PD. One therapeutic strategy is to alleviate

Glutathione ethyl ester supplementation prevents mortality in newborn rats exposed to hyperoxia.

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Human premature neonates suffer from respiratory distress syndrome due to immature lungs and require assisted ventilation with high concentrations of oxygen. Hyperoxic exposure and/or antioxidant deficiency causes an increase in the lung levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to oxidative

Degeneration of spinal motor neurons by chronic AMPA-induced excitotoxicity in vivo and protection by energy substrates.

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BACKGROUND Several data suggest that excitotoxicity due to excessive glutamatergic neurotransmission may be an important factor in the mechanisms of motor neuron (MN) death occurring in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We have previously shown that the overactivation of the Ca(2+)-permeable

Hypoxic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. A morphological and pathogenetic study on the myocardial atrophy and fatty infiltration.

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The autopsy report of an asymptomatic, non familial cardiomyopathy with widespread fatty infiltration of the right ventricular wall in two alcoholic subjects, who were also heavy smokers and suffering from a serious laryngeal obstruction, led the Authors to investigate, on the basis of a thorough

Visual follow-up in peroxisomal-disorder patients treated with docosahexaenoic Acid ethyl ester.

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Purpose. To assess the possible beneficial effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) ethyl ester on visual function in DHA-deficient patients with peroxisome biogenesis disorders (PBDs). Methods. A total of 23 patients were studied, of whom 2 had classic Zellweger syndrome and 1 had a D-bifunctional

Mitofusin-Dependent ER Stress Triggers Glial Dysfunction and Nervous System Degeneration in a Drosophila Model of Friedreich's Ataxia.

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Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is the most important recessive ataxia in the Caucasian population. It is caused by a deficit of the mitochondrial protein frataxin. Despite its pivotal effect on biosynthesis of iron-sulfur clusters and mitochondrial energy production, little is known about the influence

Heat deterioration of phospholipids. VI. Clarification of mechanism for the new pseudo Maillard rearrangement reaction by using 2-aminoethyl dihydrogenphosphate.

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2,3-Dihydro-1H-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-4-ylium derivatives with UV absorption at 350 nm were formed by reaction of one molar of any sugar except 2-deoxysugars with two molar of phosphatidylethanolamines involving a new pseudo Maillard rearrangement reaction. To elucidate the reaction mechanism,

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