frontotemporal dementia/protease

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Variably protease-sensitive prionopathy mimicking frontotemporal dementia.

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Sporadic prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders characterized clinically by rapidly progressive dementia and myoclonus. Variably protease-sensitive prionopathy (VPSPr) is a recently identified sporadic human prion disorder that may present with a lengthy atypical clinical history.

Involvement of puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase in proteolysis of tau protein in cultured cells, and attenuated proteolysis of frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 (FTDP-17) mutant tau.

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In tauopathies, tau protein is hyperphosphorylated, ubiquitinated, and accumulated in the brain; however, the mechanisms underlying this accumulation remain unclear. To gain an understanding of the role of proteases in the metabolism of tau protein, in the present study we evaluated the effects of

Altered kallikrein 7 and 10 concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia.

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BACKGROUND The role of various proteases in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease is well documented. Recently, many members of the human tissue kallikrein family, a group of 15 secreted serine proteases, were found to be highly expressed in the central nervous system (CNS). Some of these enzymes

Variably protease-sensitive prionopathy: a novel disease of the prion protein.

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Variably protease-sensitive prionopathy (VPSPr) is a novel disease involving the prion protein (PrP) that has clinical similarities with non-Alzheimer's dementias especially frontotemporal dementia, diffuse Lewis body disease, and normal pressure hydrocephalus. VPSPr can be distinguished from

Epitope mapping of antibodies against TDP-43 and detection of protease-resistant fragments of pathological TDP-43 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal lobar degeneration.

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TAR DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43) is the major component of the intracellular inclusions in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Here, we show that both monoclonal (60019-2-Ig) and polyclonal (10782-2-AP) anti-TDP-43 antibodies recognize amino

Variably protease-sensitive prionopathy: A differential diagnostic consideration for dementia.

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Prion diseases are rare neurodegenerative diseases that are caused by abnormal pathogenic agents and can affect both humans and animals. These diseases are categorized as sporadic, inherited, or acquired by infection. Clinical manifestations include psychiatric symptoms, cognitive

Intracellular Proteolysis of Progranulin Generates Stable, Lysosomal Granulins that Are Haploinsufficient in Patients with Frontotemporal Dementia Caused by GRN Mutations.

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Homozygous or heterozygous mutations in the GRN gene, encoding progranulin (PGRN), cause neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) or frontotemporal dementia (FTD), respectively. NCL and FTD are characterized by lysosome dysfunction and neurodegeneration, indicating PGRN is important for lysosome

Genetic screen identifies serpin5 as a regulator of the toll pathway and CHMP2B toxicity associated with frontotemporal dementia.

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Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is the most common form of dementia before 60 years of age. Rare pathogenic mutations in CHMP2B, which encodes a component of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT-III), are associated with FTD linked to chromosome 3 (FTD3). Animal models of FTD3

Regulated proteolysis of p62/SQSTM1 enables differential control of autophagy and nutrient sensing.

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The multidomain scaffold protein p62 (also called sequestosome-1) is involved in autophagy, antimicrobial immunity, and oncogenesis. Mutations in SQSTM1, which encodes p62, are linked to hereditary inflammatory conditions such as Paget's disease of the bone, frontotemporal dementia (FTD),

A second case of Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker disease linked to the G131V mutation in the prion protein gene in a Dutch patient.

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A rare case of Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker disease in a 36-year-old Dutch man is reported. The clinical phenotype was characterized by slowly progressive cognitive decline, later followed by ataxia and parkinsonism. Neuropathologic findings consisted of numerous amyloid plaques in the cerebellum,

Amyloid-induced neurofibrillary tangle formation in Alzheimer's disease: insight from transgenic mouse and tissue-culture models.

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Of all forms of dementia, Alzheimer's disease is the most prevalent. It is histopathologically characterized by beta-amyloid-containing plaques, tau-containing neurofibrillary tangles, reduced synaptic density and neuronal loss in selected brain areas. For the rare familial forms of Alzheimer's

The neuropathology of chromosome 17-linked dementia.

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We recently described a family with chromosome 17-linked dementia, characterized clinically by disinhibition-dementia-parkinsonism-amyotrophy complex. We report now the neuropathology of 6 affected family members. This included semiquantitative scoring of neuronal loss, gliosis, and spongiosis and

CSF levels of PSA and PSA-ACT complexes in Alzheimer's disease.

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BACKGROUND Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a serine protease that in serum, is predominantly found complexed to the serine protease inhibitor alpha1-antichymotrypsin (ACT). ACT co-localizes with amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain and both PSA and ACT are detectable in cerebrospinal

Presenilin/gamma-Secretase and Inflammation.

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Presenilins (PS) are the catalytic components of gamma-secretase, an aspartyl protease that regulates through proteolytic processing the function of multiple signaling proteins. Specially relevant is the gamma-secretase-dependent cleavage of the beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP) since generates

The core of tau-paired helical filaments studied by scanning transmission electron microscopy and limited proteolysis.

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In Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementias the microtubule-associated protein tau forms intracellular paired helical filaments (PHFs). The filaments formed in vivo consist mainly of full-length molecules of the six different isoforms present in adult brain. The substructure of the PHF core

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