hypospadias/milho

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TGF-β1 relieves epithelial-mesenchymal transition reduction in hypospadias induced by DEHP in rats.

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To investigate the potential mechanism of hypospadias induced by DEHP in rats to reveal the preventative effect of TGF-β1 in hypospadias induced by DEHP via the reduction of EMT.Time-mated Sprague-Dawley rats underwent cesarean section, and the penises of

Progesterone receptors in the developing genital tubercle: implications for the endocrine disruptor hypothesis as the etiology of hypospadias.

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OBJECTIVE In fetal mice genital tubercles the ontogenetic expression of progesterone receptors and the effect of in utero estrogen and testosterone exposure were investigated. METHODS To evaluate ontogenetic progesterone receptor expression genital tubercles from untreated fetuses at gestational

Endocrine disruptors and hypospadias: role of genistein and the fungicide vinclozolin.

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OBJECTIVE The phytoestrogen (plant estrogen) genistein, present in soy products, is of interest because in utero exposure to genistein can cause hypospadias in our mouse model and maternal consumption of soy is prevalent in human populations. Another compound of interest is the fungicide

Di-n-butyl phthalate induced hypospadias relates to autophagy in genital tubercle via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.

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OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanisms of hypospadias induced by in utero exposure to din-butyl phthalate (DBP). METHODS Timed-pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were administered 750 mg/kg of DBP by gavage from GD (gestation days) 13 to GD 18, whereas control group received corn oil. Genital tubercles (GTs)

Ontogeny of androgen receptor and disruption of its mRNA expression by exogenous estrogens during morphogenesis of the genital tubercle.

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OBJECTIVE The ontogeny of androgen receptor expression in male and female mouse genital tubercles, and the effects of in utero ethinyl estradiol exposure on androgen receptor mRNA expression in the hypospadias model were studied. METHODS Androgen receptor mRNA expression was measured in mouse

Changes in androgen-mediated reproductive development in male rat offspring following exposure to a single oral dose of flutamide at different gestational ages.

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Previous studies have indicated that the androgen receptor antagonist, flutamide, can produce a suite of reproductive malformations in the male rat when orally administered daily on gestation days (GD) 12-21. The objective of this study was to investigate the gestation time dependence for the

Loratadine exerts estrogen-like effects and disrupts penile development in the mouse.

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OBJECTIVE Hypospadias is a developmental anomaly of the penis and urethra that can be steroid mediated. It is characterized by a urethral opening occurring below the normal location at the tip of the penis. The link between loratadine, the active ingredient in a common over-the-counter

Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) increases transforming growth factor-beta1 expression in fetal mouse genital tubercles.

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Phthalates are known to elicit marked effects on the developing male reproductive tract as evidenced by hypospadias. Recently, transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) was postulated to play an essential role in the development of genital tubercles (GT), and TGF- beta1 was found to act as a

Estrogen receptor-alpha and beta are differentially distributed, expressed and activated in the fetal genital tubercle.

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OBJECTIVE We examined the ontogenic and sex specific expression of estrogen receptor-alpha and beta in mouse genital tubercles and assessed the effects of in utero estrogen exposure on these parameters. METHODS Expression of the 2 genes was detected in mouse genital tubercles from fetuses collected

Effects of vertically transferred 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB-126) on the reproductive development of female rats.

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In order to study the effects of vertically transferred coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls on female reproductive development, female rat offspring from dams of Sprague-Dawley strain, which received daily oral administration of vehicle (corn oil) or 1 or 3 microg/kg of

Developmental effects of an environmental antiandrogen: the fungicide vinclozolin alters sex differentiation of the male rat.

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In humans and rodents, exposure to hormonally active chemicals during sex differentiation can produce a wide range of abnormal sexual phenotypes including masculinized and defeminized females and feminized and demasculinized males. Although numerous "environmental estrogens," including pesticides,

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