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L-glutamate, L-arginine and L-citrulline levels in cerebrospinal fluid of Parkinson's disease, multiple system atrophy, and Alzheimer's disease patients.

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Alterations in neuronal nitric oxide (NO) production may play a role in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) Alzheimer's disease (AD), and multiple system atrophy (MSA). The biosynthesis of NO is dependent on the availability of L-arginine, the substrate for NO-synthase (NOS), and on

Treatment with L-citrulline in patients with post-polio syndrome: study protocol for a single-center, randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial.

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Post-polio syndrome (PPS) is a condition that affects polio survivors years after recovery from an initial acute infection by the Poliomyelitis virus. Most often, patients who suffered from polio start to experience gradual new weakening in muscles, a gradual decrease in the size of muscles (muscle

Treatment with L-citrulline and metformin in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: study protocol for a single-centre, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.

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Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked recessive disease that affects 1 in 3500-6000 male births. Despite broad research aiming to improve muscle function as well as heart and brain function, sufficient therapeutic efficacy has not yet been achieved and current therapeutic management is

L-citrulline protects against glycerol-induced acute renal failure in rats.

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There is an increasing evidence that oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of rhabdomyolysis-induced acute renal failure (ARF). In this study, protective effects of L-citrulline on glycerol-induced ARF in rats were investigated. Six groups of rats were employed in this study:

Effect of Combination l-Citrulline and Metformin Treatment on Motor Function in Patients With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

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Nitric oxide precursors, such as the amino acid l-arginine and the biguanide antidiabetic drug metformin, have been associated with metabolism and muscle function in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). The treatment of DMD remains an unmet medical

L-citrulline supplementation improves glucose and exercise tolerance in obese male mice.

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L-citrulline is an organic α-amino acid that has been shown to produce a number of salutary actions on whole-body physiology, which includes reducing muscle wasting and augmenting exercise/muscle performance. The latter has been suggested to arise from elevations in mitochondrial function. Because

NADPH diaphorase staining suggests localization of nitric oxide synthase within mature vertebrate olfactory neurons.

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Nitric oxide, a simple gas which serves as a neurotransmitter in the CNS, has been proposed to serve as an interneuronal second messenger in olfactory transduction. However, the role of nitric oxide in olfaction has been questioned by experiments in which nitric oxide synthase, the enzyme that

Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in rat experimental autoimmune myocarditis with special reference to changes in cardiac hemodynamics.

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Excessive NO produced by an inducible NO synthase (iNOS) has been implicated in many types of immune-associated disorders of the cardiovascular system, but it remains to be determined whether NO plays a role in myocarditis. Thus, the significance of iNOS expression in the development of experimental

The Influence of a load of L-arginine on serum amino acids and pancreatic apoptosis/proliferation and ATP levels in the rat.

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OBJECTIVE Administration of high doses of amino acids like ethionine, methionine, and arginine causes pancreatic tissue damage. The initial mechanism behind these effects is not known. The aim of this study was to show the early effects of a load of L-arginine on programed cell death/proliferation

[Plasma citrulline as a marker of loss of enterocitary mass in coeliac disease in childhood].

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BACKGROUND Plasma citrulline is not incorporated in endogenous or exogenous proteins so it is a theoretical marker of villous atrophy. Our aim was to correlate plasma citrulline levels with severity of villous atrophy in celiac patients. METHODS Observational case-control study longitudinal in

Spatiotemporal alterations of the NO/NOS neuronal pools following transient abdominal aorta occlusion: morphological and biochemical studies in the rabbit.

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1. Brief interruption of spinal cord blood flow resulting from transient abdominal aortic occlusion may lead to degeneration of specific spinal cord neurons and to irreversible loss of neurological function. The alteration of nitric oxide/nitric oxide synthase (NO/NOS) pool occurring after ischemic

Hormonal regulation of nitric oxide synthases and their cell-specific expression during follicular development in the rat ovary.

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Nitric oxide (NO) has emerged as a novel regulator of several ovarian events, such as ovulation, steroidogenesis, and apoptotic cell death. The NO synthases (NOS) are a family of enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of L-arginine to NO and L-citrulline. The purpose of the present study was to

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