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Silibinin attenuates amyloid beta(25-35) peptide-induced memory impairments: implication of inducible nitric-oxide synthase and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in mice.

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In Alzheimer's disease (AD), the deposition of amyloid peptides is invariably associated with oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Silibinin (silybin), a flavonoid derived from the herb milk thistle, has potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. However, it remains unclear whether

Inhibition of ERK1/2 by silymarin in mouse mesangial cells.

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The present study aimed to show that pro-inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon (IFN)-γ, and interleukin (IL)-1β] synergistically induce the production of nitric oxide (NO) production in mouse mesangial cells, which play an important role in inflammatory glomerular injury.

Silibinin inhibits HIV-1 infection by reducing cellular activation and proliferation.

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Purified silymarin-derived natural products from the milk thistle plant (Silybum marianum) block hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and inhibit T cell proliferation in vitro. An intravenous formulation of silibinin (SIL), a major component of silymarin, displays anti-HCV effects in humans and also

Effects of Silibinin Against Prothrombin Kringle-2-Induced Neurotoxicity in the Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic System In Vivo.

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Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease exhibit common features of neurodegenerative diseases and can be caused by numerous factors. A common feature of these diseases is neurotoxic inflammation by activated microglia, indicating that regulation of microglial activation is a potential

Novel cancer chemopreventive effects of a flavonoid antioxidant silymarin: inhibition of mRNA expression of an endogenous tumor promoter TNF alpha.

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In this study we describe exceptionally high protective effects of silymarin, a flavonoid antioxidant isolated from milk thistle, against 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA)- and okadaic acid (OA)-caused tumor promotion in SENCAR mouse skin. Pre-application of silymarin to that of TPA in 7,

Inhibition of T-cell inflammatory cytokines, hepatocyte NF-kappaB signaling, and HCV infection by standardized Silymarin.

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OBJECTIVE Chronic hepatitis C is a serious global medical problem necessitating effective treatment. Because standard of care with pegylated interferon plus ribavirin therapy is costly, has significant side effects, and fails to cure about half of all infections, many patients seek complementary and

Digestive disease week 2000. American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases.

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The latest advances in hepatology were presented in oral and poster presentations. In order to cover the varying subspecialties, the sessions were divided into various sections including 'Acute Liver Failure and Artificial Liver Support', 'Biliary Tract and Immunologic Liver Diseases', 'Cellular and

Natural Infection of Citrullus colocynthis by Papaya ringspot virus-W in Iran.

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Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV, genus Potyvirus, family Potyviridae) is economically important due to its worldwide distribution and because it can cause serious losses in both cucurbit crops and papaya (3). PRSV has been previously reported from cucurbit crops in Iran (2). In Khuzestan Province,

Cisplatin nephrotoxicity and protection by milk thistle extract in rats.

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The protective effect of methanolic extract of milk thistle seeds and silymarin against cisplatin-induced renal toxicity in male rats after a single intraperitoneal injection of 3 mg kg cisplatin were studied. Over 5 days, cisplatin-treated rats showed tubular necrosis and elevation in blood urea

[Poisoning by bird-line thistle (Astractylis gummifera L.) (author's transl)].

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The thistle grows in the dry areas of North-Africa and is rather common. The juice of the root is poisonous. Two toxic components have been isolated and their formulas specified. They induce liver necrosis, and block the ADP-ATP conversion. Prognosis is most often fatal, except in mild forms when

First Report of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on Russian-thistle.

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A pathogen identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. in Penz. was isolated from foliar and stem lesions on Russian-thistle (Salsola tragus Torner ex L.) collected in Bugac, Hungary, in 1996. Symptoms on leaves and stems began as discrete, sunken, 2- to 10-mm-diameter

Effects of dietary milk thistle on blood parameters, liver pathology, and hepatobiliary scintigraphy in white carneaux pigeons (Columba livia) challenged with B1 aflatoxin.

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Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) has been used in humans for the treatment of liver disease because of its antioxidant properties and its ability to stabilize cell membranes and regulate cell permeability. To investigate possible hepatoprotective effects in birds, standardized extracts (80%) of

[Fulminating hepatitis caused by glue thistle (Atractylis glummifera-L.), poisoning. Anatomo-pathological study of 4 cases].

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The toxicity of the "glue thistle" is well known in Algeria. 10 children were involved in a case of collective poisoning. Only two survived. Histo-pathological studies were made in four cases, the clinical and histological picture being that of a fulminating hepatitis with major hepatocellular

Hepatoprotective Effects of Nonpolar Extracts from Inflorescences of Thistles Cirsium vulgare and Cirsium ehrenbergii on Acute Liver Damage in Rat.

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UNASSIGNED Drugs for the treatment of liver diseases are scarce and not effective enough. Some species of the genus Cirsium possess hepatoprotective activity. There are no studies on the hepatoprotective effects of nonpolar extracts from inflorescences of thistles Cirsium vulgare and Cirsium

Potent inhibitory effect of silibinin from milk thistle on skin inflammation stimuli by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate.

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Silibinin, a major polyphenol in milk thistle, has been reported to have multiple pharmacological activities; therefore, there is an urgent need to well understand how silibinin works on inflammation-associated skin diseases. We herein designed silibinin on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate

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