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Página 1 a partir de 172 resultados
Studies on the modification of the cellular response to injury: effect of mannitol on Ehrlich ascites tumor cells following injury by anoxia or p-chloromercuribenzenesulfonic acid (PCMBS).
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The possible protective effects of 30 and 180 mM mannitol added to the extracellular medium were studied in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells (EATC) injured by the nonpenetrating mercurial p-chloromercuribenzenesulfonic acid (PCMBS) or by anoxia. Protection was provided with 180 mM mannitol as observed by
Metabolic and hemodynamic consequences of mannitol following myocardial anoxia.
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The mechanism of action of hyperosmolal mannitol was evaluated by hemodynamic and metabolic studies in 79 isovolumic nonrecirculating paced perfused rat hearts during sequential 15-min periods of aerobic, anoxic, and reoxygenated perfusion. Hyperosmolality induced by addition of mannitol
Hemodynamic, metabolic, and ultrastructural consequences of hyperosmolal mannitol after myocardial anoxia.
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Recovery from anoxia has been evaluated in the isovolumic nonrecirculating paced perfused rat heart. Seventy studies were performed consisting of 1) 15 min of aerobic perfusion (AP), 2) AP + 15 min of anoxic perfusion, 3) AP + 15 min of anoxic perfusion + 15 min of reoxygenation.
The effect of mannitol upon cochlear dysfunction induced by transient local anoxia.
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Transient local anoxia of the cochlea was induced by pressing the labyrinthine artery, and compound action potential (CAP) or endocochlear potential (EP) was measured before and after transient local anoxia ranging from 5 to 60 min using 106 albino guinea pigs. The complete interruption of the
Effects of mannitol on cardiac ultrastructure and microcirculation following anoxia.
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Electron microscopic and microcirculatory effects of hyperosmolal mannitol were evaluated in the isolated perfused isovolumic rat heart. Specimens for ultrastructural examination were obtained in 26 experiemnts after 15 min of sequential aerobic, anoxic, and reoxygenated perfusion using an isosmolal
Cardiac muscle function during and after hypoxia: effects of glucose concentration, mannitol and isoproternol.
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Effects of mannitol and urea on experimental cerebral anoxia.
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Glycolysis prevents anoxia-induced synaptic transmission damage in rat hippocampal slices.
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Prolonged anoxia can cause permanent damage to synaptic transmission in the mammalian CNS. We tested the hypothesis that lack of glucose is the major cause of irreversible anoxic transmission damage, and that anoxic synaptic transmission damage could be prevented by glycolysis in rat hippocampal
Mannitol treatment in experimental Haemophilus influenzae type b meningitis.
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A study was undertaken to evaluate hypertonic mannitol treatment in experimental lapin Haemophilus influenzae type b meningitis and to compare these results with those in normal rabbits. Increased intracranial pressure, brain water content, and concentrations of lactate and hypoxanthine in
The effect of hypoxia on permeability and bacterial translocation in Caco-2 adult and I-407 fetal enterocyte cell culture models.
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Hypoxia has been implicated in the breakdown of the intestinal epithelial barrier in animals, leading to bacterial translocation (BT); however, the mechanism of this hypoxic insult is unknown. To determine the effects of hypoxic injury in vitro on epithelial membrane integrity, transepithelial
Pulmonary gas exchange response to exercise- and mannitol-induced bronchoconstriction in mild asthma.
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Both exercise (EIB) and mannitol challenges were performed in asthmatic patients to assess and compare their pulmonary gas exchange responses for an equivalent degree of bronchoconstriction. In 11 subjects with EIB [27 +/- 4 (SD) yr; forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1)), 86 +/- 8% predicted],
[Chemiluminescence on hypoxic brain--the 2nd report: cerebral protective effect of mannitol, vitamin E and betamethasone].
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The effect of vitamin E, betamethasone and mannitol upon a series of pathological free radical reaction within the hypoxic brain tissue was evaluated by chemiluminescence method. The hypoxic brain was induced by arterial hypoxemia (PaO2 17-22 mmHg) with normocapnia (PaCO2 28-38 mm Hg) and
Cytoprotective effect of isotonic mannitol at low oxygen tension.
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The beneficial effect of mannitol infusion in postischemic kidneys remains unresolved. Contradictory reports may have originated from at least 3 different mechanisms: a) arterial vasodilation, b) osmotic support of hypoxic cellular volume regulation, and c) scavenging of hydroxyl radicals in the
A Novel In-Line Delivery System to Administer Dry Powder Mannitol to Mechanically Ventilated Patients.
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BACKGROUND
Mechanically ventilated patients commonly suffer from ventilator-associated pneumonia, hypoxemia, and other lower respiratory tract infection as a result of pathogen colonization and poor sputum clearance. Consequently, there is a high rate of morbidity and mortality in these patients.
[Brain edema treatment procedure using continuous controlled infusion of mannitol in neurosurgical patients].
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The paper evaluates the efficiency and safety of the developed osmotherapy protocol using controlled continuous infusion of 15% mannitol solution. Two hundred and nine patients with intracranial hypertension (ICH) syndrome of various etiologies had 15% mannitol infusion, the rate of which was
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