Tonsillectomy

Prednisolone

Placebos

Postoperative Oral Corticosteroids Following Tonsillectomy

Post-operative Oral Corticosteroids Following Tonsillectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial

total amount of narcotic medication used in post-op period

amount of acetaminophen and ibuprofen needed post-operatively

Bianca Siegel

Assistant Professor

Wayne State University

Children's Hospital of Michigan Foundation

Persons who have been diagnosed as Multiple Sclerosis according to Mc Donald Criteria : person with Multiple Sclerosis (PwMS).
Fampridine was prescribed according to the guidelines issued by the French National Security Agency of Medicines and Health Products (ANSM) at the dose of 10 mg twice a day. According to official ANSM guidelines, the prescription is initially limited to 2 weeks of therapy, at which point a new assessment is performed by the medical practitioner to evaluate the clinical benefits. Fampridine responder is a PwMS with an improvement in the judgment of the practitioner.

Persons who have been diagnosed as Multiple Sclerosis according to Mc Donald Criteria : person with Multiple Sclerosis (PwMS).
Fampridine was prescribed according to the guidelines issued by the French National Security Agency of Medicines and Health Products (ANSM) at the dose of 10 mg twice a day. According to official ANSM guidelines, the prescription is initially limited to 2 weeks of therapy, at which point a new assessment is performed by the medical practitioner to evaluate the clinical benefits. Fampridine non responder is a PwMS without any improvement in the judgment of the practitioner.

Multiple Sclerosis

Fampridine

CHU Jean Minjoz

Short and Long Term Multiple Outcomes in Persons With Multiple Sclerosis Treated by Fampridine.

Short and Long Term Fampridine Treatment in Persons With Multiple Sclerosis: Cognitive and Motor Performances

The 6MWT assessed the submaximal level of functional capacity. It was realized according to the recommendation of the American Thoracic Society. 6MWT instructions were read prior to each walk. Participants used his/her typical assistive device and walked around a circuit with 24-meters longer. If necessary, they were allowed to have a rest period and encouragement phrases were used each 30 seconds.

Both semantic and phonological verbal fluencies were assessed in a quiet room. Semantic fluency was measured by asking patients to provide as many animal names as possible in 120 s. Different kinds of one sort of animal were accepted (e.g. kinds of birds or fish). Phonological fluency was measured by asking patients to provide as many words as possible beginning with the letter 'P' in 120 s. They were informed that proper nouns and words with the same stem would not be counted (e.g. pen, pencil). Patients were instructed to avoid repetitions.

The SDMT has a key at the top of the page with numbers and symbols; participants are required to refer to the key to correctly decode several lines of symbols. After completing sample items correctly, participants are timed for 90 s and the total number correct is their raw score. Only correct answers were account to the final score.

The FIS is a 40-item Standardized questionnaire validated for MS. For our study, we used the validated French version of the FIS in MS, called "EMIF-SEP". The EMIF-SEP is composed of 40 items organized into four dimensions (cognitive, physical, social role and psychological dimensions) with each items rated on a four point scale (4=it's always true, 3=it's sometimes true, 2=it's sometimes false, 1=it's always false) and the total fatigue scores are standardized from 0 (meaning no fatigue) to 100 (meaning high degree of fatigue). The forty items are divided into the four dimensions: cognitive (10 items), physical (14 items), social role (13 items) and psychological (4 items). Each dimension score was also standardized as a percentage like total score.

The FSS is a method of evaluating fatigue in PwMS and other conditions, including chronic fatigue immune dysfunction syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus. The FSS is designed to differentiate fatigue from clinical depression because both share some of the same symptoms. The FSS questionnaire is composed of 9 statements related to patients' subjective perception of fatigue and its consequences on everyday activities. Patients are asked to rate their level of agreement (toward 7) or disagreement (toward 0) with the 9 statements.

The original scoring provides options 1-5 for each item, with 1 meaning no limitation and 5 meaning extreme limitation on the gait-related item.

The PERSEPP scale was used to evaluate the HRQoL of patients with MS (Baroin et al. 2013). This scale takes into account several aspects of HRQoL distributed across 66 items (described below) and includes relapse phases. Each item contains 6 response types according to a Likert scale where "0" was "strongly disagree" and "5" was "strongly agree". The PERSEPP scale has been validated in the French language

The physical activity in real-life condition was measured with an ActiGraph, model wGT3X (Actigraph corp, USA), consistent with previous research on validating accelerometer output in PwMS. The accelerometer was sampled at 30 Hz and values were expressed as number of counts per minute. Participants were instructed to wear the accelerometer on an elastic belt around the waist (i.e. near to the center of displacement of body mass) located above the hip at the non-dominant side ; to wear it for a 7-day period (including a weekend); and to wear it for the whole day from getting out of bed in the morning until getting into bed in the evening. These instructions were summarized in a memo and given to participants.

According with the recommendation of Cutter et al., participants were asked to walk on a 25 feet (7.62 m) distance. After appropriate instructions and familiarization, participants were asked to perform three gait tasks: walking at their self-selected comfortable speed .

The TUG is a clinical test to assess the level of gait and balance. For its realization, a 47-cm-high chair with arm- and backrest was used. The 3-meters distance was marked with a tape on the floor and a cone marked the turning point. Participants were instructed to get up from the chair, walk 3 meters, turn around the cone and come back to sit on the chair. Participants were encouraged to walk as quickly as possible with safety consistency. After a familiarization trial, the TUG was performed twice. A third trial was applied if a difference of 10% was found between the two first trials. The mean value computed from the two closest trials was taken into account.

Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besancon

15 days of intramuscular (IM) or sub-cutaneous corticotropin (SQ) Acthar (ACTH).

3 days of IV methylprednisolone (steroids) followed by 11 days of oral prednisone

ACTHAR Gel (ACTH)

3 days of intravenous methylprednisolone followed by 11 days of oral taper

IV methylprednisolone (steroids)

University of Colorado Denver

University of Pennsylvania Scheie Eye Institute

A Trial of Neuroprotection With ACTH in Acute Optic Neuritis

A Phase IV Trial of Neuroprotection With ACTH in Acute Optic Neuritis

The primary outcome will be the average RNFL thickness at 6 months.

The secondary outcome measure will examine the frequency of optic nerves with RNFL swelling between the IV methylprednisolone- and Acthar-treated groups at 1 and 3 months.

Exploratory outcome will compare the ganglion cell plus inner plexiform layer (GC+IPL) thickness at 6 months between treatment groups

Assessment will be completed by administration of the following questionnaire: Modified Fatigue Impact Scale. This questionnaire has been validated for the MS (AON) population. Descriptive and correlative analysis will be done at each visit time point to assess for QOL for this study population.

Assessment will be completed by administration of the following questionnaire: Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life 54 Instrument. This questionnaire has been validated for the MS (AON) population. Descriptive and correlative analysis will be done at each visit time point to assess for QOL for this study population.

Assessment will be completed by administration of the following questionnaires: 25-item Visual Function Questionnaire with 10-item supplement.

Assessment will be completed by administration of the following questionnaire: Beck's Depression Inventory.

neuritis/fadiga

Postoperative Oral Corticosteroids Following Tonsillectomy

Short and Long Term Multiple Outcomes in Persons With Multiple Sclerosis Treated by Fampridine.

A Trial of Neuroprotection With ACTH in Acute Optic Neuritis

Modeling and Treating the Pathophysiology of Demyelination in Multiple Sclerosis

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