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psychomotor agitation/vômito

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BACKGROUND Isoflurane has exceeded halothane and enflurane in usage. A literature search, however, revealed no data comparing the effects on emesis, headache and restlessness of these three agents. METHODS With hospital ethics committee approval and patient consent, a prospective, randomised,
BACKGROUND Akathisia, a distressing movement disorder induced by butyrophenones, has been described with low doses of droperidol used for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) prophylaxis, but the incidence remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To determine the incidence of akathisia after PONV prophylaxis

Risk-benefit of antiemetics in prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.

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The development of effective antiemetic prophylaxis is one of the most significant steps forward in the area of supportive care. Fifteen years ago, patients receiving chemotherapy had to face the fact that nausea and vomiting were inevitable adverse effects, which could only be partially prevented
GR38032F is a specific 5-HT3 (serotonin) receptor antagonist with antiemetic activity in animal and early human studies. We performed a dose-ranging phase I study of GR38032F in 43 evaluable patients receiving cisplatin 60 120 mg/m2 for the first time (38 of these patients were chemotherapy-naive).

Nausea and vomiting and cancer patients' quality of life: a discussion of Professor Selby's paper.

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It is evident from the data presented above that nausea and vomiting are frequent side effects which are often persistent and distressing to patients. Evidence suggests, and intuitively it appears that avoidance of nausea and vomiting is important to the patients' ability to maintain their quality

Betamethasone does not prevent nausea and vomiting induced by the dopamine-agonist apomorphine.

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OBJECTIVE The mechanism of the antiemetic actions of corticosteroids is not known. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if betamethasone can prevent nausea, vomiting or increase of vasopressin induced by apomorphine. Metoclopramide, a dopamine antagonist, was used as a control
BACKGROUND Serotonin has been shown to be an important mediator of chemotherapy-induced vomiting. Ondansetron is a potent and highly specific antagonist of the 5-HT3 serotonin receptor. The objective of the current trial was to determine if the addition of ondansetron to the combination of

Akathisia after long-term epidural use of droperidol: a case report.

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Droperidol has both anti-emetic and neuroleptic properties and its epidural administration has been reported (Naji et al. 1990). Its side effects when administered via this route are not known. We report a case of long-term (2 months) epidural administration of droperidol to a cancer patient who was

Ineffectiveness of acupuncture and droperidol in preventing vomiting following strabismus repair in children.

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The antiemetic effects and side-effects of P6 acupuncture and droperidol pre-treatment were evaluated in a randomized, patient- and observer-blinded study. Ninety unpremedicated children of ASA physical status I or II undergoing outpatient strabismus repair, and aged over one year, were studied. All
An antiemetic combination of methylprednisolone and droperidol was administered to 10 patients with breast cancer showing postoperative recurrence, receiving high-dose adriamycin. Methylprednisolone was given twice intravenously at a dose of 500 mg, before and after administration of adriamycin, and

Midazolam vs. diphenhydramine for the treatment of metoclopramide-induced akathisia: a randomized controlled trial.

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OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of midazolam, which is a fast and short-acting benzodiazepine, and diphenhydramine, which is a widely used anticholinergic agent, in clinical practice for the treatment of metoclopramide-induced akathisia. METHODS All adults older than 17 years given metoclopramide
OBJECTIVE To determine whether the addition of dexamethasone to ondansetron (OND + DEX) is a more effective antiemetic regimen than ondansetron (OND) alone in children receiving chemotherapy. METHODS Children who had solid tumors and who were receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy, including

Prochlorperazine induces akathisia in emergency patients.

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OBJECTIVE Prochlorperazine (PCZ), a commonly used antiemetic and analgesic agent, is known to cause akathisia. The incidence of akathisia after a single 10-mg dose of intravenous PCZ has not been prospectively evaluated. We determined the incidence and severity of PCZ-induced akathisia at 1 hour and
BACKGROUND Droperidol is widely used for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in European countries. It is unclear how efficacious low-dose droperidol is in the prevention of PONV. OBJECTIVE To test the efficacy of low-dose droperidol in the prevention of PONV in adults and to

Progress in the control of acute and delayed emesis induced by cisplatin.

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Ondansetron, a new 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, has been compared with high-dose metoclopramide in the control of acute emesis (24 h) induced by cisplatin (greater than or equal to 100 mg/m2). Ondansetron, given as three intravenous doses (0.15 mg/kg) 4-hourly, was superior to six intravenous doses of
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