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Differential expression of nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterases by Walker 256 mammary cancer cells in solid tumors and malignant ascites.

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OBJECTIVE Expression of ectoenzymes responsible for nucleotide phosphohydrolysis to form adenosine may represent a mechanism that facilitates the proliferation and spread of malignancy. In this study, we have identified and characterized the ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase (E-NPP)

Subcellular distribution of inorganic pyrophosphatase activity in various normal and neoplastic cell types.

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Inorganic pyrophosphatase (PPiase) activity was measured in cell fractions of rat, mouse, and human erythrocytes; normal rat liver; Novikoff hepatoma; Morris 3924A hepatoma; and mouse Ehrlich and Sarcoma 37 ascites tumors. Despite high intracellular activities, when precautions were taken to

On the fidelity of DNA replication. Enzyme activities associated with DNA polymerases from RNA tumor viruses.

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DNA polymerase from RNA tumor viruses ("reverse transcriptase") has been analyzed for activities which have been associated with other DNA polymerases. Homogeneous DNA polymerase from avian myeoblastosis virus catalyzes pyrophosphate exchange and pyrophosphorolysis. Pyrophosphate exchange is

Structural dynamics of inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase (ITPA) protein and two clinically relevant mutants: molecular dynamics simulations.

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The inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase (ITPA) protein is responsible for removing noncanonical purine nucleoside triphosphates from intracellular nucleotide pools. Absence of ITPA results in genomic instability and increased levels of inosine in DNA and RNA. The proline to threonine substitution

Understanding the Multifaceted Role of Ectonucleotide Pyrophosphatase/Phosphodiesterase 2 (ENPP2) and its Altered Behaviour in Human Diseases.

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Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 2 (ENPP2) also known as Autotaxin, is a secreted lysophospholipase D, which hydrolyzes lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) into Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). LPA is the bioactive product of ENPP2 enzyme, which induces diverse signalling pathways via six

Characterization of a new plasma membrane-associated ecto-5'-phosphodiesterase/nucleotide-pyrophosphatase from rat hepatocarcinoma AS-30D cells.

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We have identified in plasma membrane fractions isolated from rat hepatocarcinoma AS-30D ascites cells three glycoproteins of 125 kDa, 115 kDa and 105 kDa (gp125, gp115 and gp105) which become adenylylated using ATP as substrate, most readily in the presence of EDTA. The gp115 becomes also

Characterization of a new plasma membrane-associated ecto-5'-phosphodiesterase/nucleotide-pyrophosphatase from rat hepatocarcinoma AS-30D cells.

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Evaluation of sulfonate and sulfamate derivatives possessing benzofuran or benzothiophene nucleus as inhibitors of nucleotide pyrophosphatases/phosphodiesterases and anticancer agents

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Ectonucleotidases are a broad family of ectoenzymes that play a crucial role in purinergic cell signaling. Ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatases/phosphodiesterases (NPPs) belong to this group and are important drug targets. In particular, NPP1 and NPP3 are known to be druggable targets for treatment of

Compartmentalization of adenosine metabolism in cancer cells and its modulation during acute hypoxia.

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Extracellular adenosine mediates diverse anti-inflammatory, angiogenic and vasoactive effects and becomes an important therapeutic target for cancer, which has been translated into clinical trials. This study was designed to comprehensively assess adenosine metabolism in prostate and breast cancer

Identification of 14-3-3sigma as a contributor to drug resistance in human breast cancer cells using functional proteomic analysis.

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Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major obstacle to successful cancer treatment. To understand the mechanism of MDR, many cancer cell lines have been established, and various mechanisms of resistance, such as ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter-mediated drug efflux, have been discovered.

Changes of activity and isoforms of alkaline sphingomyelinase (nucleotide pyrophosphatase phosphodiesterase 7) in bile from patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

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BACKGROUND Alkaline sphingomyelinase (NPP7) is an ecto-enzyme expressed in intestinal mucosa, which hydrolyses sphingomyelin (SM) to ceramide and inactivates platelet activating factor. It is also expressed in human liver and released in the bile. The enzyme may have anti-tumour and

[Effects of extracts of Prunella Vulgaris L. on proteome of human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549].

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OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of extracts of Prunella vulgaris L.on proteome of human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 by two-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry and elucidate the mechanism of anti-lung adenocarcinom effect of Prunella vulgaris L.at the level of

Screening and X-ray crystal structure-based optimization of autotaxin (ENPP2) inhibitors, using a newly developed fluorescence probe.

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Autotaxin (ATX), also known as ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 2 (ENPP2), was originally identified as a tumor cell autocrine motility factor and was found to be identical to plasma lysophospholipase D, which is the predominant contributor to lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) production

Alkaline sphingomyelinase: an old enzyme with novel implications.

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Alkaline sphingomyelinase (alk-SMase) is present in the intestinal tract and additionally human bile. It hydrolyses sphingomyelin in both intestinal lumen and the mucosal membrane in a specific bile salt dependent manner. The enzyme was discovered 36 years ago but got real attention only in the last

Prognostic impact of MutT homolog-1 expression on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

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MutT homolog-1 (MTH1) is a pyrophosphatase that acts on oxidized nucleotides and hydrolyzes 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine triphosphate in deoxynucleoside triphosphate pool to prevent its incorporation into nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, result in reduce cytotoxicity in tumor cells. MTH1 is overexpressed

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