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Lethal ricin intoxication in two adult dogs: toxicologic and histopathologic findings.

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Two adult dogs with the same owner were intoxicated by ingestion of fertilizer composed of residual plant material of the castor bean plant (Ricinus communis L.). Both dogs died within 2 and 3 days, respectively, after the first signs of vomiting and abundant hemorrhagic diarrhea. Toxicologic and

Pathological aspects of ricin toxicity in mammalian lymph node and spleen.

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In an earlier study (Griffiths et al., 1987) we demonstrated that two toxic plant proteins, ricin and abrin bring about apoptotic rather than necrotic cell death in mammalian lymphoid tissues and intestine. Here we expand upon the previous study, and report further observations relating purely to

Intramuscular Ricin Poisoning of Mice Leads to Widespread Damage in the Heart, Spleen, and Bone Marrow.

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Ricin, a lethal toxin derived from castor oil beans, is a potential bio-threat due to its high availability and simplicity of preparation. Ricin is prepared according to simple recipes available on the internet, and was recently considered in terrorist, suicide, or homicide attempts involving the

Intrapulmonary delivery of ricin at high dosage triggers a systemic inflammatory response and glomerular damage.

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In view of the possibility that ricin may be used as a bioweapon against human populations, we examined the pathological consequences that occur in mice after introduction of ricin into the pulmonary system. Intratracheal instillation of a lethal dose of ricin (20 microg/100 g body weight) resulted

Inactivation of Ricin Toxin by Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields Including Evidences from Cell and Animal Toxicity.

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Ricin is one of the most toxic and easily produced plant protein toxin extracted from the castor oil plant, and it has been classified as a chemical warfare agent. Here, nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEFs) at 30 kV/cm (pulse durations: 10 ns, 100 ns, and 300 ns) were applied to inactivating

A retrograde trafficking inhibitor of ricin and Shiga-like toxins inhibits infection of cells by human and monkey polyomaviruses.

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Polyomaviruses are ubiquitous pathogens that cause severe disease in immunocompromised individuals. JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) is the causative agent of the fatal demyelinating disease progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), whereas BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) causes polyomavirus-induced

Fatal ricin toxicosis in a puppy confirmed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry when using ricinine as a marker.

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Ricin, a lectin from the castor bean plant (Ricinis communis), is considered one of the most potent plant toxins. Ingestion of masticated seeds results in high morbidity, with vomiting and watery to hemorrhagic diarrhea. The prognosis varies with the number of seeds ingested, the degree of

Effects of ricin administration to rabbits on the ability of their coronary arteries to contract and relax in vitro.

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We have previously shown that ricin, a toxic lectin from the castor bean, increases cardiac output and blood flow to the heart in rabbits in the early stage of its intoxication and causes hemorrhage and necrosis in the heart following a lethal dose. To investigate possible alterations in coronary

Ricin depresses cardiac function in the rabbit heart.

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Ricin, at toxic glycoprotein from the castor bean, causes myocardial hemorrhage and a decrease in blood pressure. We studied the effects of ricin on myocardial function in the isolated rabbit heart. Rabbits were given 0.22 micrograms/kg of ricin i.v. and 48 hr later, the heart was isolated and

Verotoxin and ricin have novel effects on preproendothelin-1 expression but fail to modify nitric oxide synthase (ecNOS) expression and NO production in vascular endothelium.

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Interaction of bipartite Escherichia coli O157-derived verotoxins (VTs) 1 and 2 (Shiga toxin 1 and 2) with vascular endothelium is believed to play a central role in the pathogenesis of the thrombotic microangiopathy and ischemic lesions characteristic of hemolytic uremic syndrome and of E. coli

Ricin A-chain conjugated with monoclonal anti-L1210 antibody. In vitro and in vivo antitumor activity.

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In studies of antitumor antibody-cytotoxic agent conjugates as potential antitumor agents with improved tumor specificity, the toxic subunit A-chain of ricin was conjugated with a monoclonal antibody to a tumor-associated antigen expressed weakly on murine leukemia L1210 cells and strongly on

Structure and properties of ricin – the toxic protein of Ricinus communis

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Ricin is a heterodimeric protein that consists of A and B subunits that can be produced in the seeds of the castor oil plant Ricinus communis. Its large quantities are accumulated in byproducts generated during the extraction of castor oil, widely used in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry.

Pathology of lethal and sublethal doses of aerosolized ricin in rhesus macaques.

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Ricin toxin, a type 2 ribosome-inactivating protein and a category B bioterrorism agent, is produced from the seeds of castor oil plant (Ricinus communis). Chronic pathological changes in survivors of aerosolized ricin exposure have not been reported in primates. Here we compare and contrast the

Ricin poisoning causing death after ingestion of herbal medicine.

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Ricin intoxication is a fatal and an uncommon medical condition. We report a case of ricin poisoning in a 42-year-old Saudi male patient who ingested a herbal medicine mixture containing ricin bean powder, after which he presented with gastrointestinal symptoms followed by gastrointestinal bleeding

Inhibitors of retrograde trafficking active against ricin and Shiga toxins also protect cells from several viruses, Leishmania and Chlamydiales.

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Medical countermeasures to treat biothreat agent infections require broad-spectrum therapeutics that do not induce agent resistance. A cell-based high-throughput screen (HTS) against ricin toxin combined with hit optimization allowed selection of a family of compounds that meet these requirements.

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