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The hypothalamus is the ultimate modulator of appetite and energy balance and therefore sensitive to changes in nutritional state. Chicks from lines selected for low (LWS) and high (HWS) body weight are hypophagic and compulsive eaters, respectively, and differ in their propensity to OBJECTIVE
To examine cellular and biochemical features of skeletal muscle in response to dietary-induced obesity in a novel Yucatan minipig model of childhood obesity.
METHODS
From 4 to 16 months of age, minipigs were fed either a recommended human-type diet (NF; n = 4) or were overfed a
Aim: Insulin-resistant skeletal muscle is characterized by metabolic inflexibility with associated alterations in substrate selection, mediated by peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor δ (PPARδ). Although it is established that PPARδ
The differentiation of perirenal adipose tissue was ascertained in fetuses from Ossabaw (wild and obese) and cross-bred lean dams at 70, 90 and 110 days gestation and from domestic lean and obese dams (USDA) at 110 days gestation. Condensation of presumptive adipocyte clusters was more apparent in
In ob/ob mice, we showed previously that brown adipose tissue (BAT) has an abnormally low manganese (Mn) content associated with low Mn-superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activities. These anomalies can be corrected partially by supplementing the diet with Mn. The present
BACKGROUND
The effects of diet-induced obesity on skeletal muscle function are largely unknown, particularly as it relates to changes in oxidative metabolism and morphology.
RESULTS
Compared to control fed mice, mice fed a high fat diet (HFD; 60% kcal: fat) for 8 weeks displayed increased body mass
BACKGROUND
Age, obesity and male sex are risk factors for the development of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome.
OBJECTIVE
We examined structural and functional properties of the sternohyoid muscle in young lean and aged obese male rats. We hypothesized that the aged muscle would be vulnerable to
The contribution of the liver to the increased metabolic efficiency of the obese rat (fa/fa) was examined. Oxygen consumption of isolated hepatocytes and isolated mitochondria, and hepatic activities of mitochondrial enzymes were measured. Hepatocyte oxygen consumption was similar in the obese and
The contribution of muscle tissue to the increased metabolic efficiency of the obese (fa/fa) Zucker rat at 6 wk of age was examined. In vitro O2 consumption was similar in obese and nonobese soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles, whether the animals were fed ad libitum, fasted, or
To examine the effects of weight loss on muscle oxidative properties, nine obese subjects (body mass index, 34 +/- 1.5) had muscle biopsies before and after weight loss and weight stabilization. Weight loss ranged from 13-32 kg and represented 20.8 +/- 2.1% of initial weight. After weight loss,
Inter-individual variability in weight gain and loss under energy surfeit and deficit conditions, respectively, are well recognized but poorly understood phenomena. We documented weight loss variability in an intensively supervised clinical weight loss program and assessed skeletal muscle gene
We have reported that a change in muscle fibre type distribution is present in two strains of diabetic rats (Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty and Goto-Kakizaki rats). In this study, we determined whether the change in soleus muscle fibre type distribution was caused by diabetes, using obese,
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of chronic mass loading produced by obesity on the structural and functional characteristics of the diaphragm in lean and obese Zucker rats. The trapezius muscle served as an internal control. The studies were carried out on 17 lean (303
To determine effects of physical activity (PA) with diet-induced weight loss on energy metabolism in adults with severe obesity.
Adults with severe obesity (n = 11) were studied across 6 months of intervention, then compared with controls with less severe obesity (n = 7) or normal weight (n = 9).
The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms underlying the involvement of gut microbes in body weight gain of high-fat diet-fed obesity-prone (obese) and obesity-resistant (lean) mice. C57BL/6 mice were grouped into an obese group, a lean group and a normal control group. Both obese and