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Involvement of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal accumulation in multiple system atrophy.

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Recent studies have suggested implications for α-synuclein cytotoxicity in the pathomechanism of multiple system atrophy (MSA). Given in vitro evidence that α-synuclein generates oxidative stress, it is proposed that lipid peroxidation may be accelerated in MSA. To address this issue, we performed

Age-related macular degeneration and retinal protein modification by 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal.

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OBJECTIVE Oxidative damage to proteins, lipids, and DNA has been suggested to be a mechanism for age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The retina is particularly susceptible to lipid peroxidation due to high concentrations of easily oxidized polyunsaturated fatty acids in the presence of abundant

4-Hydroperoxy-2-nonenal is not just an intermediate but a reactive molecule that covalently modifies proteins to generate unique intramolecular oxidation products.

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α,β-Unsaturated aldehydes generated during lipid peroxidation, such as 4-oxoalkenals and 4-hydroxyalkenals, can give rise to protein degeneration in a variety of pathological states. Although the covalent modification of proteins by these end products has been well studied, the reactivity of

ZnT3 Gene Deletion Reduces Colchicine-Induced Dentate Granule Cell Degeneration.

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Our previous study demonstrated that colchicine-induced dentate granule cell death is caused by blocking axonal flow and the accumulation of intracellular zinc. Zinc is concentrated in the synaptic vesicles via zinc transporter 3 (ZnT3), which facilitates zinc transport from the cytosol into the

Proteomic and histochemical analysis of proteins involved in the dying-back-type of axonal degeneration in the gracile axonal dystrophy (gad) mouse.

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Local axonal degeneration is a common pathological feature of peripheral neuropathies and neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and stroke; however, the underlying molecular mechanism is not known. Here, we analyzed the gracile

Potent induction of total cellular GSH and NQO1 as well as mitochondrial GSH by 3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells and primary human neurons: protection against neurocytotoxicity elicited by dopamine, 6-hydroxydopamine, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, or hydrogen peroxide.

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Evidence suggests oxidative and electrophilic stress as a major factor contributing to the neuronal cell death in neurodegenerative disorders, especially Parkinson's disease. Consistent with this concept, administration of exogenous antioxidants has been shown to be protective against

Generation of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal modified proteins in testes predicts improvement in spermatogenesis after varicocelectomy.

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Increasing evidence suggests that testes with varicocele are exposed to oxidative stress (OS) with deterioration in spermatogenesis; however, the relationship between testicular OS and outcome after varicocelectomy is poorly understood. Levels of testicular 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal modified proteins, an

Oxidative injury is present in Purkinje cells in patients with olivopontocerebellar atrophy.

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To verify the presence of lipid peroxidation products in spinocerebellar degeneration (SCD), the cerebella from eight patients with olivopontocerebellar atrophy (OPCA) and six non-OPCA patients were immunohistochemically investigated with 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) antibody. On average, 84.6% of

Development of choroidal neovascularization in rats with advanced intense cyclic light-induced retinal degeneration.

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OBJECTIVE To study the progressive changes of intense cyclic light-induced retinal degeneration and to determine whether it results in choroidal neovascularization (CNV). METHODS Albino rats were exposed to 12 hours of 3000-lux cyclic light for 1, 3, or 6 months. Fundus examination, fundus

The effect of heating on the formation of 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal in unsaturated vegetable oils: Evaluation of oxidation indicators.

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The formation of 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal (HHE) and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) in vegetable oils and model oil systems were quantitatively assessed by RP-HPLC. Regardless of heating temperature, HHE was only detected in rapeseed and linseed oil, while HNE was detected in all tested oils. Intrinsic

Hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity produced by 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) following 4-week oral administration to Sprague-Dawley rats.

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4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) is a major end product of lipid peroxidation of membrane n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are found in food products. In order to examine the toxicity attributed to 4-HNE, a subacute toxicity study was conducted in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. For this study, 4 groups

Degeneration modulates retinal response to transient exogenous oxidative injury.

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OBJECTIVE Oxidative injury is involved in retinal and macular degeneration. We aim to assess if retinal degeneration associated with genetic defect modulates the retinal threshold for encountering additional oxidative challenges. METHODS Retinal oxidative injury was induced in degenerating retinas

Molecular regulation of cigarette smoke induced-oxidative stress in human retinal pigment epithelial cells: implications for age-related macular degeneration.

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Cigarette smoke is the most important environmental risk factor for developing age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Damage to the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) caused by cigarette smoke may underlie the etiology of AMD. This study investigated the molecular and cellular effects of cigarette

Decreased susceptibility to oxidative stress underlies the resistance of specific dopaminergic cell populations to paraquat-induced degeneration.

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The vulnerability of different dopaminergic cell populations to damage caused by the herbicide paraquat was assessed by stereological counts of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive and calbindin-D28k-immunoreactive neurons in A9 (substantia nigra pars compacta) and A10 (ventral tegmental area and other

Cockayne syndrome group B protein is engaged in processing of DNA adducts of lipid peroxidation product trans-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal.

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Cockayne syndrome complementation group B (CSB) protein is engaged in transcription-coupled repair (TCR) of UV induced DNA damage and its deficiency leads to progressive multisystem degeneration and premature aging. Here, we show that human CSB-deficient cells are hypersensitive to physiological

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