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Acarbose enhances human colonic butyrate production.

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Earlier studies suggest that butyrate has colonic differentiating and nutritional effects and that acarbose increases butyrate production. To determine the effects of acarbose on colonic fermentation, subjects were given 50-200 mg acarbose or placebo (cornstarch), three times per day, with meals in

Structural analysis and reaction mechanism of the disproportionating enzyme (D-enzyme) from potato

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Starch produced by plants is a stored form of energy and is an important dietary source of calories for humans and domestic animals. Disproportionating enzyme (D-enzyme) catalyzes intramolecular and intermolecular transglycosylation reactions of α-1, 4-glucan. D-enzyme is essential in starch

Antidiabetic Effects of a Short Peptide of Potato Protein Hydrolysate in STZ-Induced Diabetic Mice.

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Alcalase- generated potato protein hydrolysate (APPH) is a potential bioactive peptide against diabetes mellitus (DM) and DM-associated secondary effects in animal models. The aim of the present study was to find the efficiency of a deca-peptide DIKTNKPVIF (DF) from APPH against DM. Six-week-old

The effect of acarbose and miglitol (BAY-M-1099) on postprandial glucose levels following ingestion of various sources of starch by nondiabetic and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

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The effect of two alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, acarbose (BAY-G-5421) and miglitol (BAY-M-1099), on postprandial glucose levels following intubation of corn, rice, spaghetti and potato (0.5 g/100 g body wt) was evaluated in nondiabetic and diabetic rats. The peak plasma glucose level and total

Effect of miglitol and acarbose on starch digestion, daily plasma glucose profiles and cataract formation.

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The effect of two alpha - glucosidase inhibitors, acarbose and miglitol, on postprandial glucose levels following wheat and potato starch loading was evaluated in sand rats with resultant dramatically reduced postprandial glucose levels. The inhibitory effect on starch digestion was dose

Starch Hydrolysis, Polyphenol Contents, and In Vitro Alpha Amylase Inhibitory Properties of Some Nigerian Foods As Affected by Cooking.

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The effect of cooking on starch hydrolysis, polyphenol contents, and in vitro α-amylase inhibitory properties of mushrooms (two varieties Russula virescens and Auricularia auricula-judae), sweet potato (Ipomea batatas), and potato (Solanum tuberosum) was investigated. The total, resistant, and

Influence of different substrates on the production of a mutant thermostable glucoamylase in submerged fermentation.

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Three mutations, Ser54→Pro, Thr314→Ala, and His415→Tyr, were identified in Aspergillus awamori glucoamylase gene expressed by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The mutant glucoamylase (GA) was substantially more thermostable than a wild-type GA at 70 °C, with a 3.0 KJ mol(-1) increase in the free energy of

Effects of alpha-amylase and its inhibitors on acid production from cooked starch by oral streptococci.

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This study evaluated acid production from cooked starch by Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus sanguinis and Streptococcus mitis, and the effects of alpha-amylase inhibitors (maltotriitol and acarbose) and xylitol on acid production. Streptococcal cell suspensions were

Nonmicrobicidal Small Molecule Inhibition of Polysaccharide Metabolism in Human Gut Microbes: A Potential Therapeutic Avenue.

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A new approach for the nonmicrobicidal phenotypic manipulation of prominent gastrointestinal microbes is presented. Low micromolar concentrations of a chemical probe, acarbose, can selectively inhibit the Starch Utilization System and ablate the ability of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron and B.

Amylomaltase of Pyrobaculum aerophilum IM2 produces thermoreversible starch gels.

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Amylomaltases are 4-alpha-glucanotransferases (EC 2.4.1.25) of glycoside hydrolase family 77 that transfer alpha-1,4-linked glucans to another acceptor, which can be the 4-OH group of an alpha-1,4-linked glucan or glucose. The amylomaltase-encoding gene (PAE1209) from the hyperthermophilic archaeon

Anti-hyperglycemic effect of diacylated anthocyanin derived from Ipomoea batatas cultivar Ayamurasaki can be achieved through the alpha-glucosidase inhibitory action.

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To clarify a postprandial glucose suppression effect of diacylated anthocyanin with alpha-glucosidase (AGH) inhibitory activity, a single oral administration study of it in male 8-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats was performed. The diacylated anthocyanin used in this study was peonidin

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