chlorine/seizures

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Oxygen Administration Improves Survival but Worsens Cardiopulmonary Functions in Chlorine Exposed Rats.

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Chlorine is a highly reactive gas that can cause significant injury when inhaled. Unfortunately, its use as a chemical weapon has increased in recent years. Massive chlorine inhalation can cause death within 4 hours of exposure. Survivors usually require hospitalization after massive exposure. No

Chlorinated opium alkaloid derivatives produced by the use of aqueous sodium hypochlorite during the clandestine manufacture of heroin.

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A clandestine chemist was observed producing heroin from crude morphine utilizing a solution of sodium hypochlorite during the process. Numerous chlorinated opium alkaloid derivatives were created when the morphine acetylation reaction was quenched and neutralized with a solution of sodium

Duloxetine Induced Hyponatremia

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Hyponatremia can be asymptomatic or have a wide range of clinical presentations such as headaches, muscle cramps, nausea, seizures, coma, cerebral edema and may even result in death. Despite it has been suggested that duloxetine has a relatively less risk of hyponatraemia, the number of case reports

Indeno[1,2-b]pyrazin-2,3-diones: a new class of antagonists at the glycine site of the NMDA receptor with potent in vivo activity.

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Indeno¿1,2-bpyrazin-2,3-diones have been identified as a novel series of potent ligands on the glycine site of the NMDA receptor. To improve their in vivo activities, an acetic acid-type side chain was introduced to the 5-position, giving water-soluble compounds when formulated as the sodium salt

Trichloroacetic Acid Ingestion: Self-Harm Attempt.

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OBJECTIVE Trichloroacetic acid (TCAA), or trichloroethanoic acid, is a chemical analogue of acetic acid where three methyl group hydrogen atoms are replaced by chlorine. TCAAs are also abbreviated and referred to as TCAs, causing confusion with the psychiatric antidepressant drug class, especially

Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of some DL-dichlorophenyl alcohol amides anticonvulsants.

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The anticonvulsant activity of a homologous series of DL-dichlorophenyl alcohol amides is described. The compounds DL-2-hydroxy-2-(3',4'-dichlorophenyl) butyramide (4, CAS 620950-11-0), DL-3-hydroxy-3-(3',4'-dichlorophenyl) pentanamide (5, CAS 620950-15-4) and DL-4-hydroxy-4-(3',4'-dichlorophenyl)

Synthesis of a new homologous series of p-chlorophenyl alcohol amides, their anticonvulsant activity and their testing as potential GABAB receptor antagonists.

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The anticonvulsant activity of a homologous series of p-chlorophenyl alcohol amides is described. The new compounds (+/-)-2-hydroxy-2-(4'-chlorophenyl)-butyramide (2), (+/-)-3- hydroxy-3-(4'-chlorophenyl)pentanamide (4) and (+/-)-4-hydroxy-4-(4'-chlorophenyl)-hexanamide (6), were prepared and tested

Evaluation of two anticonvulsant amino-pyridazine derivatives in the conflict test in rats.

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Two amino-phenyl-pyridazine derivatives, SR 41378 and CM 40907, have been reported to antagonize seizures in mice, rats and Papio papio baboons with comparable potencies. Structurally, SR 41378 differs from CM 40907 by an additional chlorine in position 6 of the phenyl ring. In the present study the

The positive allosteric modulator of α2/3-containing GABAA receptors, KRM-II-81, is active in pharmaco-resistant models of epilepsy and reduces hyperexcitability after traumatic brain injury.

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The imidizodiazepine, (5-(8-ethynyl-6-(pyridin-2-yl)-4H-benzo[f]imidazole[1,5-α][1,4]diazepin-3-yl) oxazole or KRM-II-81), is selective for α2/3-containing GABAA receptors. KRM-II-81 dampens seizure activity in rodent models with enhanced efficacy and reduced motor-impairment compared to diazepam.

Complete assignment of the 1H, 13C, 15N and 19F NMR spectra of nine DL-phenylalcoholamide anticonvulsants.

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The 1H, 13C, 15N and 19F NMR spectra of nine DL-phenylalcoholamides bearing fluorine and chlorine as substituents of the phenyl ring are reported. All of them are active as anticonvulsants in pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures.

Anticonvulsant properties of N-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)- and N-[3-(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)propyl] derivatives of 3-aryl- and 3-spirocycloalkyl-pyrrolidine-2,5-dione.

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Two series of N-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)- and N-[3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-propyl]-3-aryl- and 3-spirocycloalkyl-pyrrolidine-2,5-dione derivatives were synthesized and tested for anticonvulsant activity in the maximum electroshock (MES) seizure and pentetrazole (sc PTZ) seizure threshold tests.

[Development of new antiepileptics. IV. Anticonvulsant activity of some derivatives of 1-(p-sulfamoyl-phenyl)-pyrrolidin-2-one (author's transl)].

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A series of derivatives of 1-(p-sulfamoyl-phenyl)-pyrrolidin-2-one were tested for anticonvulsant properties in rats and mice. The substance 1-(o-chloro-p-sulfamoyl-phenyl)-4-phenyl-pyrrolidin-2-one (1725) was found to have potent anticonvulsant activities in rats and mice against seizures induced

Biochemical characterization of the interaction of three pyridazinyl-GABA derivatives with the GABAA receptor site.

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An arylaminopyridazine derivative of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), SR 95103, has been shown to be a selective antagonist of GABA at the GABAA receptor site. Subsequent structure-activity studies showed that suppressing the methyl in the 4-position of the pyridazine ring, and substituting the

Neurotoxic Weapons and Syndromes.

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The modern era of chemical and biological warfare began in World War I with the large-scale production and use of blistering and choking agents (chlorine, phosgene and mustard gases) in the battlefield. International treaties (the 1925 Geneva Protocol, the 1975 Biological and Toxin Weapons

Imidazolylchromanone oxime ethers as potential anticonvulsant agents: Anticonvulsive evaluation in PTZ-kindling model of epilepsy and SAR study.

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As a continuation of our efforts to develop the azolylchromanone derivatives as potential anticonvulsant agents, we explored (Z)- and (E)-oxime ether derivatives of imidazolylchromanones bearing different lipophilic O-benzyl groups and tested their anticonvulsant activities in PTZ-kindling model of

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