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etardation of chlorophyll degradation in Zea mays by coumarin, phosphon D and CCC.

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Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase null mice fail to develop tolerance to coumarin-induced Clara cell toxicity.

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Coumarin was used as a model Clara cell toxicant to test the hypothesis that tolerance to injury requires increased gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) activity. Wildtype (GGT(+/+)) and GGT-deficient (GGT(-/-)) mice on a C57BL/6/129SvEv hybrid background were dosed orally with corn oil (vehicle) or

Lack of effect of coumarin on unscheduled DNA synthesis in the in vivo rat hepatocyte DNA repair assay.

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The ability of coumarin to induce UDS in male Sprague-Dawley CD rat hepatocytes in vivo was assessed using the unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) assay. From a preliminary toxicity study the oral maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of coumarin was determined to be 320 mg/kg body weight. For the UDS studies,

Studies on the acute effects of coumarin and some coumarin derivatives in the rat.

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The mechanism of acute coumarin-induced hepatotoxicity in the rat has been investigated by comparing the effects of coumarin with those of a number of methyl-substituted coumarin derivatives. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were given single ip doses of corn oil (control), coumarin (0.86 and 1.71 mmol/kg

Effect of pretreatment with some mixed-function oxidase enzyme inducers on the acute hepatotoxicity of coumarin in the rat.

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Male Sprague-Dawley rats were pretreated with saline, corn oil, sodium phenobarbitone (PB) (100 mg/kg body weight/day), 20-methylcholanthrene (20 MC) (20 mg/kg body weight/day) or Aroclor 1254 (ARO) (100 mg/kg body weight/day) by daily ip injections for 5 days. Animals were then given single oral

Identification of o-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde as a major metabolite of coumarin in rat hepatic microsomes.

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The metabolism of [3-14C]coumarin has been studied in hepatic microsomes from control (corn-oil treated) and Aroclor 1254-treated (100 mg/kg body weight/day, 5 days, ip) rats. [3-14C]Coumarin metabolites in incubate extracts were separated by HPLC and identified by comparison with the retention

Distinct responses of mouse hepatic CYP enzymes to corn oil and peroxisome proliferators.

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We studied the response of male DBA/2N mouse liver monooxygenases to acute (one-day) and subacute (7-day) exposure to clofibrate, gemfibrozil, and corn oil. The day following a single treatment with clofibrate (200 mg/kg), coumarin 7-hydroxylase (COH) activity decreased significantly (by 70%) with a

Lack of effect of coumarin on the formation of micronuclei in an in vivo mouse micronucleus assay.

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Coumarin was tested for its potential to cause genotoxic effects in mouse bone marrow cells using an in vivo micronucleus assay. Male and female Swiss mice were administered a single oral dose of coumarin at 50, 100 or 200 mg/kg by gavage in corn oil vehicle. Control animals received only the

Investigation of 8-methoxy-3-(4-nitrobenzoyl)-6-propyl-2H-chromen-2-one as a promising coumarin compound for the development of a new and orally effective antileishmanial agent

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Changes in host immunity and parasite resistance to drugs are among the factors that contribute to decreased efficacy of antiparasitic drugs such as the antimonial compounds pentamidine, amphotericin (AMP B) and miltefosine. Bioactive natural products could be alternatives for the development of new

NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Coumarin (CAS No. 91-64-5) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies).

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Coumarin is the basic structure of numerous naturally occurring compounds with important and diverse physiological activities. More than a thousand coumarin derivatives have been described, varying from simple coumarins containing alkyl and hydroxyl side chains to complex coumarins with benzoyl,

Coumarin differentially affects the morphology of different root types of maize seedlings.

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The effects of coumarin on the length, diameter, and branching density of different root types in maize seedlings (Zea mays L. cv. Cecilia) were investigated. The maize root system represents a useful model for morphological studies, as it consists of radicle, seminal, and nodal roots whose origin

Oral administration of naturally occurring coumarins leads to altered phase I and II enzyme activities and reduced DNA adduct formation by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in various tissues of SENCAR mice.

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Several naturally occurring coumarins, to which humans are routinely exposed in the diet, were previously found to inhibit P450-mediated metabolism of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) in vitro, block DNA adduct formation in mouse epidermis and inhibit skin tumor

Oral administration of the citrus coumarin, isopimpinellin, blocks DNA adduct formation and skin tumor initiation by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene in SENCAR mice.

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The current study was designed to evaluate the effects of oral administration of the citrus coumarin, isopimpinellin, on skin tumor initiation by topically applied benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA). To evaluate the effects of orally administered isopimpinellin on skin

Regulation of Nitrate Reductase Activity in Corn (Zea mays L.) Seedlings by Endogenous Metabolites.

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Primary and secondary metabolites of inorganic nitrogen metabolism were evaluated as inhibitors of nitrate reductase (EC 1.6.6.1) induction in green leaf tissue of corn seedlings. Nitrite, nitropropionic acid, ammonium ions, and amino acids were not effective as inhibitors of nitrate reductase

Myocardial protection by protykin, a novel extract of trans-resveratrol and emodin.

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Protykin is an all-natural, high potency standardized extract of trans-resveratrol (20%) and emodin (10%) derived from the dried rhizome of Polygonum cuspidatum. Previous studies have demonstrated free radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory activities of resveratrol. Since free radicals play a

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