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Altered colonic environment, a possible predisposition to colorectal cancer and colonic inflammatory bowel disease: rationale of dietary manipulation with emphasis on disaccharides.

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A recurrent theme in the schema of pathogenetic mechanisms attributed to colorectal cancer (CRC) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is the interaction between genes and environment. Dietary and other environmental factors, and lower intestinal flora and their chemical interactions occur in the

The binding surface and affinity of monomeric and dimeric chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein 1 beta for various glycosaminoglycan disaccharides.

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Chemokines comprise a family of proteins that function in the immune response to recruit leukocytes to sites of infection. This recruitment is believed to be carried out by the establishment of a chemokine gradient by the binding of chemokines to sulfated polysaccharides known as glycosaminoglycans

A randomized controlled trial investigating the effect of a diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols on the intestinal microbiome and inflammation in patients with ulcerative colitis: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

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No conclusive treatment is available for irritable bowel disease (IBD). Adherence to a diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs) might alleviate clinical symptoms of IBD. However, no study has investigated the effect of low FODMAPs

Effect of different non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, aspirin, nimesulide and celecoxib on the disaccharide hydrolases and histoarchitecture of the rat intestinal brush border membrane.

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Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are known to cause gastrointestinal damage. New anti-inflammatory drugs have been developed in an attempt to improve their gastrointestinal side effect profile which however failed to do so. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to compare

Disaccharide-Based Anionic Amphiphiles as Potent Inhibitors of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation.

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Despite significant advances made in the last decade in the understanding of molecular mechanisms of sepsis and in the development of clinically relevant therapies, sepsis remains the leading cause of mortality in intensive care units with increasing incidence worldwide. Toll-like receptor 4

Heparin disaccharides inhibit tumor necrosis factor-alpha production by macrophages and arrest immune inflammation in rodents.

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Inflammation is the clinical expression of chemical mediators such as the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF-)-alpha produced by macrophages and other cells activated in the immune response. Hence, agents that can inhibit TNF-alpha may be useful in treating arthritis and other

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Fermentable Oligosaccharides, Disaccharides, Monosaccharides, and Polyols: An Overview.

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Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are mainly represented by ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, and the increase in the incidence tends to follow the rapid industrialization and lifestyle of modern societies. FODMAP (fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols)

A keratan sulfate disaccharide prevents inflammation and the progression of emphysema in murine models.

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Emphysema is a typical component of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a progressive and inflammatory airway disease. However, no effective treatment currently exists. Here, we show that keratan sulfate (KS), one of the major glycosaminoglycans produced in the small airway, decreased in

Effect of two non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, aspirin and nimesulide on the D-glucose transport and disaccharide hydrolases in the intestinal brush border membrane.

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The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of two commonly prescribed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) with varying cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) selectivities on enzyme activities and transport properties of rat intestinal brush border membrane (BBM). Female Wistar rats were

Modulations in the intestinal disaccharide hydrolases and membrane dynamics: effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs aspirin and nimesulide.

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The present study was designed to evaluate the influence of two commonly prescribed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), aspirin and nimesulide on the biochemical composition and membrane dynamics of rat intestine. Female Wistar rats were divided into three different groups viz: Group I

A sulfated disaccharide derived from chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan protects against inflammation-associated neurodegeneration.

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Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG), a matrix protein that occurs naturally in the central nervous system (CNS), is considered to be a major inhibitor of axonal regeneration and is known to participate in activation of the inflammatory response. The degradation of CSPG by a specific enzyme,

Implication of C-type lectin receptor langerin and keratan sulfate disaccharide in emphysema.

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Glycosylation is profoundly involved in various diseases, and interactions between glycan binding proteins and their sugar ligands are plausible drug targets. Keratan sulfate (KS), a glycosaminoglycan, is downregulated in lungs by cigarette smoking, suggesting that KS is involved in smoking-related

Hypothesis: Mechanism of irritable bowel syndrome in inflammatory bowel disease.

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Functional bowel symptoms can be occurred during remission from inflammatory bowel disease. In this case, a low fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAP) diet is effective for the amelioration or prevention of symptoms. However, the reason is not fully

Proteoglycan metabolism in normal and inflammatory human macrophages.

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To study proteoglycan metabolism in inflammatory macrophages, primary cultures of human macrophages were cultured in the absence and presence of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). When exposed to [35S]sulfate, the cells incorporated the label almost exclusively into chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan

Anti-inflammatory effects of low molecular weight heparin derivative in a rat model of carrageenan-induced pleurisy.

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Low molecular weight heparin derivatives are characterized by low anti-coagulant activity and marked anti-inflammatory effects that allow for these molecules to be viewed as a new class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). We show here that K5NOSepiLMW, an O-sulphated heparin-like

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