glioblastoma/hypoxia

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Thrombospondin-1 is downregulated by anoxia and suppresses tumorigenicity of human glioblastoma cells.

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Angiogenesis, the sprouting of new capillaries from preexisting blood vessels, results from a disruption of the balance between stimulatory and inhibitory factors. Here, we show that anoxia reduces expression of thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), a natural inhibitor of angiogenesis, in glioblastoma cells.

Differential regulation of VEGF, HIF1alpha and angiopoietin-1, -2 and -4 by hypoxia and ionizing radiation in human glioblastoma.

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We examined how ionizing radiation (IR) delivered under either severe hypoxia (< 0.1% O2) or normoxia affects the expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1alpha) and the angiogenic factors vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiopoietins 1, 2 and 4 in U87 human glioblastoma

Early growth response gene-1 regulates hypoxia-induced expression of tissue factor in glioblastoma multiforme through hypoxia-inducible factor-1-independent mechanisms.

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Hypoxia strongly up-regulates tissue factor and promotes plasma clotting by glioblastoma multiforme, but transcriptional mechanisms remain undefined. Here, we investigated the potential roles of early growth response gene-1 (Egr-1), Sp1, nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), activator protein-1 (AP-1),

Hypoxia upregulates HIG2 expression and contributes to bevacizumab resistance in glioblastoma.

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Hypoxia contributes to the maintenance of stem-like cells in glioblastoma (GBM), and activates vascular mimicry and tumor resistance to anti-angiogenesis treatments. The present study examined the expression patterns and biological significance of hypoxia-inducible protein 2 (HIG2, also known as

Hypoxia induced CA9 inhibitory targeting by two different sulfonamide derivatives including acetazolamide in human glioblastoma.

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HIF-1α regulated genes are mainly responsible for tumour resistance to radiation- and chemo-therapy. Among these genes, carbonic anhydrase isoform IX (CA9) is highly over expressed in many types of cancer especially in high grade brain cancer like Glioblastoma (GBM). Inhibition of the enzymatic

AMP-dependent protein kinase alpha 2 isoform promotes hypoxia-induced VEGF expression in human glioblastoma.

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Tumor cells respond to hypoxic stress by upregulating a variety of genes involved in glucose uptake, glycolysis, and angiogenesis, all essential to maintaining nutrient availability and intracellular ATP levels. Adenosine monophosphate-dependent kinase (AMPK) is a key sensor for cellular homeostasis

Reactive oxygen species production has a critical role in hypoxia-induced Stat3 activation and angiogenesis in human glioblastoma.

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Glioblastoma is the most aggressive primary brain tumor with hypoxia-associated morphologic features including pseudopalisading necrosis and endothelial hyperplasia. It has been known that hypoxia can activate signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) and subsequently induce

Short-Term Differentiation of Glioblastoma Stem Cells Induces Hypoxia Tolerance.

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Glioblastoma is the most common and malignant brain cancer. In spite of surgical removal, radiation and chemotherapy, this cancer recurs within short time and median survival after diagnosis is less than a year. Glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) left in the brain after surgery is thought to explain the

Cell cycle progression in glioblastoma cells is unaffected by pathophysiological levels of hypoxia.

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Hypoxia is associated with the increased malignancy of a broad range of solid tumours. While very severe hypoxia has been widely shown to induce cell cycle arrest, the impact of pathophysiological hypoxia on tumour cell proliferation is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the

Hypoxia Regulated Gene Network in Glioblastoma Has Special Algebraic Topology Structures and Revealed Communications Involving Warburg Effect and Immune Regulation.

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Hypoxia regulated genes (HRGs) formed a complex molecular interaction network (MINW), contributing to many aspects of glioblastoma (GBM) tumor biology. However, little is known about the intrinsic structures of the HRGs-MINW, mainly due to a lack of analysis tools to decipher MINWs. By introducing

Myoglobin variants are expressed in human glioblastoma cells‑hypoxia effect?

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Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive human brain cancer. Little is known regarding how these cells adapt to the harsh tumor microenvironment, and consequently survive and resist various treatments. Myoglobin (MB), the oxygen‑binding hemoprotein, has been shown to be ectopically

Hypoxia differentially upregulates the expression of embryonic, fetal and adult hemoglobin in human glioblastoma cells.

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Hemoglobin is produced mainly in erythroid cells. However, it has been reported in non-erythroid cells of human and rodents. We have shown previously that neuroglobin, cytoglobin and hemoglobin are expressed in human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells. We sought to determine whether hemoglobin

Influence of Serum and Hypoxia on Incorporation of [(14)C]-D-Glucose or [(14)C]-L-Glutamine into Lipids and Lactate in Murine Glioblastoma Cells.

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Glucose and glutamine are essential energy metabolites for brain tumor growth and survival under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Both metabolites can contribute their carbons to lipid biosynthesis. We used uniformly labeled [(14)C]-U-D-glucose and [(14)C]-U-L-glutamine to examine the profile

Attenuating hypoxia driven malignant behavior in glioblastoma with a novel hypoxia-inducible factor 2 alpha inhibitor

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Hypoxia inducible factor (HIFs) signaling contributes to malignant cell behavior in glioblastoma (GBM). We investigated a novel HIF2α inhibitor, PT2385, both in vitro, with low-passage patient-derived cell lines, and in vivo, using orthotopic models of glioblastoma. We focused on analysis of HIF2α

Extracellular acidosis elevates carbonic anhydrase IX in human glioblastoma cells via transcriptional modulation that does not depend on hypoxia.

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Most solid tumors display extracellular acidosis, which only partially overlaps with hypoxia and induces distinct adaptive changes leading to aggressive phenotype. Although acidosis is mainly attributable to excessive production of lactic acid, it also involves carbonic anhydrase (CA) IX-mediated

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