hcn/hypoxia

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A comparison of some effects of phosphine, hydrogen cyanide and anoxia in the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae).

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The effects of phosphine, hydrogen cyanide and anoxia on levels of ATP, pyruvate and lactate in Rhyzopertha dominica are compared. The effect of phosphine on anaerobiosis is not directly comparable either with HCN or anoxia. Reduction of catalase by feeding 3 amino 1,2,4 triazole does not enhance

Severe hypoxia produced by concomitant intoxication with sublethal doses of carbon monoxide and cyanide.

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It has long been known that a number of tissue hypoxicants are generated in the fire scenario. However, until recently few investigators have undertaken to correlate smoke inhalation deaths with the simultaneous exposure to histotoxic hypoxicants. Carbon monoxide and hydrogen cyanide are two

Study of the effects of hydrogen cyanide exposure in Cassava workers.

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BACKGROUND Hydrogen cyanide is the chemical responsible for tissue hypoxia. Chronic exposure to HCN may cause neurological, respiratory, cardiovascular and thyroid defects. Onset of symptoms depends on dose and duration of exposure. Large scale of Cassava processing could be disastrous due to

The response of Caenorhabditis elegans to hydrogen sulfide and hydrogen cyanide.

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Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), an endogenously produced small molecule, protects animals from various stresses. Recent studies demonstrate that animals exposed to H2S are long lived, resistant to hypoxia, and resistant to ischemia-reperfusion injury. We performed a forward genetic screen to gain insights

Acute intoxications during work.

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Information on acute intoxications during work in the Netherlands has been gathered from 4 sources during a 1-year period: 1. The registration of occupational accidents of the Directorate-General of Labour, by reviewing reports on accidents involving chemicals; 2. The Netherlands Poison Control

Effects of exposure to single or multiple combinations of the predominant toxic gases and low oxygen atmospheres produced in fires.

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The toxicity of single and multiple fire gases is studied to determine whether the toxic effects of the combustion products from materials can be explained by the toxicological interactions (as indicated by lethality) of the primary fire gases or if minor, more obscure gases need to be considered.

Effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on whole blood cyanide concentrations in carbon monoxide intoxicated patients from fire accidents.

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BACKGROUND Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and carbon monoxide (CO) may be important components of smoke from fire accidents. Accordingly, patients admitted to hospital from fire accidents may have been exposed to both HCN and CO. Cyanide (CN) intoxication results in cytotoxic hypoxia leading to organ

Methemoglobinemia resulting from smoke inhalation.

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Methemoglobinemia following fire exposure is largely unrecognized. Fire related morbidity and mortality are customarily attributed to thermal injury, associated trauma, and carbon monoxide poisoning. More recently, cyanide poisoning has been described from the inhalation of hydrogen cyanide

Multiparameter behavioral analyses provide insights to mechanisms of cyanide resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans.

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Environmental toxicants influence development, behavior, and ultimately survival. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has proven to be an exceptionally powerful model for toxicological studies. Here, we develop novel technologies to describe the effects of cyanide toxicity with high spatiotemporal

A Novel Mechanism To Prevent H2S Toxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans.

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Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is an endogenously produced signaling molecule that can be cytoprotective, especially in conditions of ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, H₂S is also toxic, and unregulated accumulation or exposure to environmental H₂S can be lethal. In

Case Report of Lethal Toxin Lurking in an Edible Plant.

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Cyanide is notoriously known to the public for more than a century now as a weapon of mass destruction (Zyklon B gas - hydrogen cyanide used by Nazis), an agent for chemical warfare during World War I (hydrogen cyanide) and very infamous "Suicide Pill" used in the past by military and

Cyanide intoxication as part of smoke inhalation--a review on diagnosis and treatment from the emergency perspective.

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This paper reviews the current literature on smoke inhalation injuries with special attention to the effects of hydrogen cyanide. It is assumed that cyanide poisoning is still an overlooked diagnosis in fire victims. Treatment against cyanide poisoning in the emergency setting should be given based

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