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Quantification of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) in breath using selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry--HCN is not a biomarker of Pseudomonas in chronic suppurative lung disease.

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Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) in exhaled breath has been proposed as a biomarker for airway inflammation, and also a marker of the presence in the airways of specific organisms, especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa. However the production of HCN by salivary peroxidase in the oral cavity increases orally

Analysis of Exhaled Breath Volatile Organic Compounds in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Pilot Study.

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OBJECTIVE Distinguishing between the inflammatory bowel diseases [IBD], Crohn's disease [CD] and ulcerative colitis [UC], is important for determining management and prognosis. Selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry [SIFT-MS] may be used to analyse volatile organic compounds [VOCs] in exhaled

Behavioural impairment in smoke environments.

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When aircraft cabin occupants are exposed to fire effluent, the first hazard encountered is usually smoke, containing particulates and toxic gases, which cause immediate visual obscuration and painful irritation of the eyes and respiratory tract. This may be followed by incapacitation due to pain or

On the importance of accurate quantification of individual volatile metabolites in exhaled breath.

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It is argued that shortcomings of certain approaches to breath analysis research based on superficial interpretation of non-quantitative data are inadvertently inhibiting the progression of non-invasive breath analysis into clinical practice. The objective of this perspective is to suggest more

Conditional pharmacology/toxicology V: ambivalent effects of thiocyanate upon the development and the inhibition of experimental arthritis in rats by aurothiomalate (Myocrysin®) and metallic silver.

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This article discusses the bizarre and contrary effects of thiocyanate, the major detoxication product of hydrogen cyanide inhaled from tobacco smoke or liberated from cyanogenic foods, e.g. cassava. Thiocyanate both (1) promotes inflammatory disease in rats and (2) facilitates the anti-inflammatory

The activation of gold complexes by cyanide produced by polymorphonuclear leukocytes. III. The formation of aurocyanide by myeloperoxidase.

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There is considerable evidence that the anti-rheumatic gold complexes are activated by their conversion to aurocyanide. In order to understand the mechanism of production of aurocyanide, we investigated the involvement of myeloperoxidase in the reaction. This haem enzyme of neutrophils and monocytes

Aurocyanide, dicyano-aurate (I), a pharmacologically active metabolite of medicinal gold complexes.

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The aurocyanide anion, Au(CN) (2) (-) , is a human metabolite of several anti-rheumatic gold complexes containing monovalent gold (I) bound to a sulphur ligand. This article reviews some of the chemical and pharmacological properties of this intriguing metabolite, and reports its anti-arthritic and

Melatonin attenuates thiocyanate-induced vasoconstriction in aortic rings.

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Cigarette smoking not only has a carcinogenic effect but also leads to an increase in arterial blood pressure. Besides its main components, i.e. nicotine, tar, and carbon monoxide, cigarette smoke also contains thiocyanate. Thiocyanate anions (SCN-) arise from the detoxification of hydrogen cyanide

Smoke chemistry, in vitro and in vivo toxicology evaluations of the electrically heated cigarette smoking system series K.

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The Electrically Heated Cigarette Smoking System Series K (EHCSS) produces smoke through the controlled electrical heating of tobacco. Evaluation of the EHCSS was accomplished by comparison with commercial and reference cigarettes, using International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and

Molecular mechanism of amygdalin action in vitro: review of the latest research.

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Amygdalin, named as 'laetrile' and 'vitamin B-17' was initially supposed to be a safe drug for cancer treatment and was recognized by followers of natural medicine since it has been considered to be hydrolyzed only in cancer cells releasing toxic hydrogen cyanide (HCN), and thus destroying them.

Amygdalin - A pharmacological and toxicological review.

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Amygdalin is commonly distributed in plants of the Rosaceae, such as peach, plum, loquat, apple and bayberry, but most notably in the seeds (kernels) of apricot almonds. As a naturally aromatic cyanogenic compound, it has long been used in Asia, Europe and other regions for the

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