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Hemin exerts multiple protective mechanisms and attenuates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis.

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OBJECTIVE Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by recurrent and severe gastrointestinal inflammation. Activation of inflammatory cells, such as TH17 lymphocytes, and/or deficiency of regulatory T cells (Treg) are responsible for the pathogenesis of IBD. As an acute phase reactant, heme

Identification of an iron-regulated hemin-binding outer membrane protein, HupO, in Vibrio fluvialis: effects on hemolytic activity and the oxidative stress response.

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In pathogenic bacteria, iron acquisition is important for colonization and proliferation in the host under iron-limited conditions. The ability of Vibrio spp. to acquire iron is often critical to their virulence, causing gastroenteritis or excessive watery diarrhea in humans. In the study described

Genome sequence of Escherichia coli NCCP15653, a group D strain isolated from a diarrhea patient.

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BACKGROUND Pathogenic strains in Escherichia coli can be divided into several pathotypes according to their virulence features. Among them, uropathogenic E. coli causes most of the urinary tract infections and has a genotype distinct from other virulent strains of E. coli. In this study, we

Vibrio cholerae iron transport systems: roles of heme and siderophore iron transport in virulence and identification of a gene associated with multiple iron transport systems.

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Vibrio cholerae iron transport mutants were tested for their ability to cause disease in an infant mouse model. The mice were challenged with either the wild-type strain, a vibriobactin synthesis mutant, a heme utilization mutant, or double mutants containing both the vibriobactin synthesis defect

EspC, an autotransporter protein secreted by enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), displays protease activity on human hemoglobin.

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Some enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) strains, which are an important cause of diarrhea among infants, secrete a serine protease autotransporter protein called EspC. The pathogenic role of EspC upon EPEC infection is unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that purified EspC protein,

An active principle of Nigella sativa L., thymoquinone, showing significant antimicrobial activity against anaerobic bacteria.

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OBJECTIVE Thymoquinone (TQ) is the major active principle of Nigella sativa seed (black seed) and is known to control many fungi, bacteria, and some viruses. However, the activity of TQ against anaerobic bacteria is not well demonstrated. Anaerobic bacteria can cause severe infections, including

RA-839, a selective agonist of Nrf2/ARE pathway, exerts potent anti-rotaviral efficacy in vitro.

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Acute watery diarrhea due to Rotavirus (RV) infection is associated with high infantile morbidity and mortality in countries with compromised socio-economic backgrounds. Although showing promising trends in developed countries, the efficacy of currently licensed RV vaccines is sub-optimal in

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