limonene/edema

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Pulmonary effects of inhaled limonene ozone reaction products in elderly rats.

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d-Limonene is an unsaturated volatile organic chemical found in cleaning products, air fresheners and soaps. It is oxidized by ozone to secondary organic aerosols consisting of aldehydes, acids, oxidants and fine and ultra fine particles. The lung irritant effects of these limonene ozone reaction

Physio-pharmacological Investigations About the Anti-inflammatory and Antinociceptive Efficacy of (+)-Limonene Epoxide.

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D-limonene epoxidation generates (+)-limonene epoxide, an understudied compound in the pharmacologically point of view. Herein, we investigated the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive potentialities of (+)-limonene epoxide and suggested a mechanism of action. The anti-inflammatory potential was

D-Limonene modulates inflammation, oxidative stress and Ras-ERK pathway to inhibit murine skin tumorigenesis.

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D-Limonene, a common monoterepene has been shown to have antiproliferative, apoptosis-inducing and chemopreventive effects. In the present study, we have investigated the effects of D-limonene on the growth of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-initiated and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate

5-Lipoxygenase Inhibition of the Fructus of Foeniculum vulgare and Its Constituents.

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The fruits of Foeniculum vulgare (Foeniculi Fructus) have been widely used in Chinese medicine as an antiemetic, ameliorating stomach ailments and as an analgesic. In order to establish its potential for antiallergic use, inhibitory actions of the fruiton 5-lipoxgenase (5-LOX) and β-hexosaminidase

Percutaneous absorption enhancing effect and skin irritation of monocyclic monoterpenes.

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The percutaneous absorption promoting effect and skin irritancy of cyclic monoterpenes were investigated in rats and with rabbits, respectively. Ketoprofen (KPF) was applied to rat skin in gel ointments containing various cyclic monoterpenes. Plasma concentrations of KPF markedly increased with the

Transdermal delivery of valsartan: I. Effect of various terpenes.

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The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of various terpenes, including a diterpene, forskolin (FSK; a putative penetration enhancer), on skin permeation of valsartan. Permeation studies were carried out with Automated Transdermal Diffusion Cells Sampling System (SFDC 6,

Effect of mixed micelle formulations including terpenes on the transdermal delivery of diclofenac.

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The significant inhibitory action of diclofenac formulated in mixed micelles of lecithin with cholate or deoxycholate was observed on the rat hind paw edema induced by carrageenan. In the primary stage, mixed micelle formulation of deoxycholate was more effective compared with that of cholate.

Acute & Sub-Acute toxicity studies and Pharmacodynamic studies of standardized extract of Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague (Fruits) against chemically induced inflammation in rats

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Introduction: Nowadays the researchers have been attempting to use herbal products as medicines which have proven in many aspects to cause lesser side effects. The fruit part of Trachyspermum ammi (L.) - Ajwain has been an integral part

Anti-inflammation activity of fruit essential oil from Cinnamomum insularimontanum Hayata.

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In this study, the fruit essential oil of Cinnamomum insularimontanum was prepared by using water distillation. Followed by GC-MS analysis, the composition of fruit essential oil was characterized. The main constituents of essential oil were alpha-pinene (9.45%), camphene (1.70%), beta-pinene

Chemical composition and anti-inflammatory activity of the volatile fractions from the bark of eight Mexican Bursera species.

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The volatile fractions from the bark of eight species of Mexican Bursera were obtained using steam distillation and were subjected to tandem GC-MS analysis for identification of the main constituents. The most abundant components of steam volatiles were monoterpenoids from which alpha-terpineol,

Assessment of diclofenac permeation with different formulations: anti-inflammatory study of a selected formula.

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The aim of this study was to improve the transdermal permeation of sodium diclofenac. Permeation studies were carried out in vitro using human skin (0.4 mm thick) from plastic surgery as a membrane. Four liquid formulations of 1% (w/w) sodium diclofenac were assayed: three ternary solvent systems

Effects of various fragrant ingredients on desmopressin-induced fluid retention in mice.

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Although fragrances are often used in aromatherapy for the treatment of edema, few studies on their diuretic and/or antiedematous activities have been performed. In this study, the effects of four types of fragrant ingredients (d-limonene, piperitone, alpha-pinene, and cinnamaldehyde) were examined

Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of Citrus aurantium L. blossoms essential oil (neroli): involvement of the nitric oxide/cyclic-guanosine monophosphate pathway.

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The analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of Citrus aurantium L. blossoms essential oil (neroli) were investigated in mice and rats. The analgesic activity of neroli was assessed by acetic acid-induced writhing and Eddy's hot plate methods, while acute and chronic anti-inflammatory effects were

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