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Gene Cloning, Expression and Enzyme Activity of Vitis vinifera Vacuolar Processing Enzymes (VvVPEs).

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Vacuolar processing enzymes (VPEs) have received considerable attention due to their caspase-1-like activity and ability to regulate programmed cell death (PCD), which plays an essential role in the development of stenospermocarpic seedless grapes ovules. To characterize VPEs and the relationship

The Vitis vinifera sugar transporter gene family: phylogenetic overview and macroarray expression profiling.

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BACKGROUND In higher plants, sugars are not only nutrients but also important signal molecules. They are distributed through the plant via sugar transporters, which are involved not only in sugar long-distance transport via the loading and the unloading of the conducting complex, but also in sugar

Evolution and expression analysis of the grape (Vitis vinifera L.) WRKY gene family.

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WRKY proteins comprise a large family of transcription factors that play important roles in plant defence regulatory networks, including responses to various biotic and abiotic stresses. To date, no large-scale study of WRKY genes has been undertaken in grape (Vitis vinifera L.). In this study, a

The Cell Wall-Derived Xyloglucan Is a New DAMP Triggering Plant Immunity in Vitis vinifera and Arabidopsis thaliana.

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Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are endogenous molecules that can activate the plant innate immunity. DAMPs can derive from the plant cell wall, which is composed of a complex mixture of cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin polysaccharides. Fragments of pectin, called

Grape (Vitis vinifera) VvDOF3 functions as a transcription activator and enhances powdery mildew resistance.

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DOF proteins are plant-specific transcription factors that play vital roles in plant development and defense responses. However, DOFs have primarily been investigated in model plants, and fairly limited research has been performed on grape (Vitis vinifera). In this study, we isolated and

Cloning, Characterization, and Functional Investigation of VaHAESA from Vitis amurensis Inoculated with Plasmopara viticola.

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Plant pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are essential for immune responses and establishing symbiosis. Plants detect invaders via the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by PRRs. This phenomenon is termed PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI). We investigated disease resistance

The vacuolar channel VvALMT9 mediates malate and tartrate accumulation in berries of Vitis vinifera.

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Vitis vinifera L. represents an economically important fruit species. Grape and wine flavour is made from a complex set of compounds. The acidity of berries is a major parameter in determining grape berry quality for wine making and fruit consumption. Despite the importance of malic and tartaric

VaERD15, a Transcription Factor Gene Associated with Cold-Tolerance in Chinese Wild Vitis amurensis.

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Early responsive to dehydration (ERD) genes can be rapidly induced to counteract abiotic stresses, such as drought, low temperatures or high salinities. Here, we report on an ERD gene (VaERD15) related to cold tolerance from Chinese wild Vitis amurensis accession 'Heilongjiang seedling'. The

Expression of Vitis amurensis VaERF20 in Arabidopsis thaliana Improves Resistance to Botrytis cinerea and Pseudomonas syringae pv. Tomato DC3000.

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Ethylene response factor (ERF) transcription factors play important roles in regulating immune responses in plants. In our study, we characterized a member of the ERF transcription factor family, VaERF20, from the Chinese wild Vitis genotype, V. amurensis Rupr "Shuangyou". Phylogenetic analysis

Characterization of Vitis vinifera NPR1 homologs involved in the regulation of pathogenesis-related gene expression.

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BACKGROUND Grapevine protection against diseases needs alternative strategies to the use of phytochemicals, implying a thorough knowledge of innate defense mechanisms. However, signalling pathways and regulatory elements leading to induction of defense responses have yet to be characterized in this

Molecular cloning and functional analysis of two FAD2 genes from American grape (Vitis labrusca L.).

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The synthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), the most abundant fatty acids in plants, begins with a reaction catalyzed by fatty acid desaturase 2 (FAD2; EC 1.3.1.35), also called microsomal oleate Δ12-desaturase. Since the FAD2 gene was first identified in Arabidopsis thaliana, FAD2

Molecular cloning and functional characterization of a seed-specific VvβVPE gene promoter from Vitis vinifera.

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The grapevine VvβVPE promoter is specifically expressed in the seed. The - 1306~- 1045 bp core region restricts expression in other tissues and organs. Vacuolar processing enzyme (VPE) is a cysteine proteinase regulating vacuolar protein maturation and executing programmed cell death (PCD) in

Isolation of WDR and bHLH genes related to flavonoid synthesis in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.).

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Anthocyanins and tannins are two of the most abundant flavonoids found in grapevine, and their synthesis is derived from the phenylpropanoid pathway. As described for model species such as Arabidopsis thaliana, maize and petunia, the end-point branches of this pathway are tightly regulated by the

The jasmonate-ZIM domain gene VqJAZ4 from the Chinese wild grape Vitis quinquangularis improves resistance to powdery mildew in Arabidopsis thaliana.

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Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) is one of the most widely cultivated and economically important fruits. Most cultivated varieties of grape are highly susceptible to fungal diseases, and one of the most pervasive is powdery mildew, caused by Uncinula necator. The jasmonate-ZIM domain (JAZ) family proteins

Revisiting Vitis vinifera Subtilase Gene Family: A Possible Role in Grapevine Resistance against Plasmopara viticola.

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Subtilisin-like proteases, also known as subtilases, are a very diverse family of serine peptidases present in many organisms. In grapevine, there are hints of the involvement of subtilases in defense mechanisms, but their role is not yet understood. The first characterization of the subtilase gene

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