Preventing embolus shedding from an arteriovenous fistula during hemodialysis treatment.

We present a case of a 55-year-old male patient who suffered from a neogenic embolism formation and a sudden embolus detachment during hemodialysis treatment. For this case, the sudden onset of thrombosis formation and embolism detachment were caused by severe dehydration due to diarrhea, which resulted in low blood pressure, pachemia, hyperhemoglobinemia and hypercoagulability. An immediate vessel occlusion was performed as a rescue therapy followed by a thrombectomy at the position of vessel occlusion. The vessel occlusion can lead to better control of embolism detachment and reduce the rate of fatal pulmonary embolism formation. This case also indicates that severe diarrhea and dehydration can cause acute AVF thrombosis during hemodialysis therapy.