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The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that more than 180 million people worldwide have diabetes. This number is likely to more than double by 2030. Further, the WHO proclaims that diabetes causes about 5 % of all deaths globally each year. Cardiovascular events are the most common cause for
Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is a 30-amino acid peptide produced in the intestinal epithelial endocrine L-cells. It stimulates insulin and suppresses glucagons secretion, inhibits gastric emptying, and reduces appetite and food intake. In the fasting state, the plasma concentrations of GLP-1 are
The autoimmune process along with a strong genetic-mediated destruction and dysfunction of pancreatic β-cells are the main pathogeneses of type 1 diabetes. These processes cause absolute and relative insulin and amylin deficiencies. For the last decades, insulin therapy has been the primary therapy
Prader-Willi Syndrome and Obesity:
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetic disorder occurring in 1/10,000 to 1/15,000 live births. Clinical characteristics include neonatal and infantile central hypotonia with feeding problems and poor weight gain followed after 1-3 years by hyperphagia and