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Olmesartan/amlodipine combination versus olmesartan or amlodipine monotherapies on blood pressure and insulin resistance in a sample of hypertensive patients.

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Despite the wide range of antihypertensive medications, about 45.5% of treated patients fail to achieve the desired blood pressure (BP) target. This study evaluated the effects of an olmesartan/amlodipine single pill combination compared to olmesartan or amlodipine monotherapies on BP, lipid

[PPAR receptors and insulin sensitivity: new agonists in development].

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Thiazolidinediones (or glitazones) are synthetic PPARgamma (Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors gamma) ligands with well recognized effects on glucose and lipid metabolism. The clinical use of these PPARgamma agonists in type 2 diabetic patients leads to an improved glycemic control and an

Acute pulmonary edema due to rosiglitazone use in a patient with diabetes mellitus.

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Rosiglitazone is a peroxisome proliferator active receptor. gamma agonist, which increases insulin sensitivity in adipose tissue, muscle, and liver. Rosiglitazone is a member of the thiazolidinedione group, and because of its significantly positive effect on glycemic control, it is especially

Insulin Resistance Among Pregnant Women in Urban Areas of Arusha Region, Tanzania.

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Aim: To establish the prevalence of insulin resistance (IR) and its determinants among selected pregnant women in urban Arusha for taking preventive measures. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between March and December 2018 at Ngarenaro and Kaloleni health facilities in

Selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ modulation to reduce cardiovascular risk in patients with insulin resistance.

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The thiazolidinediones (TZDs) rosiglitazone and pioglitazone improve glucose homeostasis through activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ. Their use, however, has been limited due to adverse effects that include body weight gain and edema leading to congestive heart failure.

New treatment strategies for patients with hypertension and insulin resistance.

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The metabolic syndrome is characterized by the clustering of insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension and is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, older antihypertensive agents such as thiazide diuretics and beta-blockers have

Thiazolidinediones and Edema: Recent Advances in the Pathogenesis of Thiazolidinediones-Induced Renal Sodium Retention.

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Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) are one of the major classes of antidiabetic drugs that are used widely. TZDs improve insulin resistance by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and ameliorate diabetic and other nephropathies, at least, in experimental animals. However, TZDs

Selective Insulin Resistance in the Kidney.

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Insulin resistance has been characterized as attenuation of insulin sensitivity at target organs and tissues, such as muscle and fat tissues and the liver. The insulin signaling cascade is divided into major pathways such as the PI3K/Akt pathway and the MAPK/MEK pathway. In insulin resistance,

The heme oxygenase system attenuates pancreatic lesions and improves insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism in deoxycorticosterone acetate hypertension.

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Recent clinical reports indicate that impaired glucose tolerance is a common phenomenon in primary aldosteronism. Aldosterone stimulates NF-kappaB and activating protein-1 (AP-1) to cause oxidative injury. Elevated oxidative stress impairs insulin signaling. We recently showed that the heme

Cortex Lycii Radicis extracts improve insulin resistance and lipid metabolism in obese-diabetic rats.

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Here we evaluate the effects of ethanol and aqueous extracts from Cortex Lycii Radicis (CLR) on insulin resistance and lipid metabolism in obese-diabetic rats, which were induced by high fat feeding for 3 weeks after injection with streptozotocin (STZ). Diabetic rats treated with ethanol or aqueous

The Pro12Ala variant of the PPARG gene is a risk factor for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma/alpha agonist-induced edema in type 2 diabetic patients.

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BACKGROUND Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs)-gamma by thiazolidinediones (pioglitazone, rosiglitazone) and dual-acting PPARalpha/gamma agonists (pargluva, ragaglitazar) is a widely used pharmacological principle to treat insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.

Effects of pioglitazone and glimepiride on glycemic control and insulin sensitivity in Mexican patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group trial.

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BACKGROUND Pioglitazone and glimepiride improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by different mechanisms. Pioglitazone is a thiazolidinedione that reduces insulin resistance, and glimepiride is a sulfonylurea insulin secretagogue. OBJECTIVE The goals of this study were to

Amodiaquine improves insulin resistance and lipid metabolism in diabetic model mice.

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Although peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs)α/γ dual agonists can be beneficial for treatment of dyslipidemia in patients with type 2 diabetes, their use is limited owing to various side effects, including body weight gain, edema, and heart failure. We aimed to demonstrate that

Effectiveness and tolerability of rosiglitazone on insulin resistance and body composition in nondiabetic Thai patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: A 12-week pilot study.

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BACKGROUND Patients with chronic renal insufficiency, especially those undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), normally have insulin resistance due to deficiencies in insulin secretion and degradation, as well as tissue resistance to insulin at both receptor and postreceptor

Peroxisome proliferator activator receptors (PPAR), insulin resistance, and cardiomyopathy: friends or foes for the diabetic patient with heart failure?

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Diabetes is a risk factor for coronary atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and ischemic cardiomyopathy. Insulin resistance is associated with left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and hypertensive cardiomyopathy. Even in the absence of coronary artery disease or hypertension, "diabetic

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