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Organic matter transformation in the environment investigated by quantitative electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy: studies on lignins.

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The lignins separated from angiosperm and gymnosperm trees, peat and xylitic brown coal were investigated by quantitative EPR. Observed free radicals in lignins are sensitive to alkaline environment. Gaseous ammonia interacting with solid lignins in resonance cavity shifts quinone-hydroquinone

Immunolocalization of beta-1-4-galactan and its relationship with lignin distribution in developing compression wood of Cryptomeria japonica.

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Compression wood (CW) contains higher quantities of beta-1-4-galactan than does normal wood (NW). However, the physiological roles and ultrastructural distribution of beta-1-4-galactan during CW formation are still not well understood. The present work investigated deposition of beta-1-4-galactan in

Effect of the molecular structure of lignin-based polyoxyethylene ether on enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency and kinetics of lignocelluloses.

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Effect of the molecular structure of lignin-based polyoxyethylene ether (EHL-PEG) on enzymatic hydrolysis of Avicel and corn stover was investigated. With the increase of PEG contents and molecular weight of EHL-PEG, glucose yield of corn stover increased. EHL-PEG enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis of

Microwave directly accelerated cleavage of C-C and C-O bonds of lignin by copper oxide-peroxide reaction.

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Model erythro, phenolic and non-phenolic lignin β -O-4 dimer compounds were reacted with copper oxide and H 2 O 2 at the electronic field maximum position of a single-mode 2.45-GHz microwave system equipped with a cavity resonator. The reaction products obtained via microwave heating and an oil bath

Pleurotus ostreatus decreases cornstalk lignin content, potentially improving its suitability for animal feed.

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BACKGROUND The capacity of Pleurotus ostreatus to degrade lignin was investigated in the fermentation of cornstalk. Cornstalk was incubated with P. ostreatus for 30 days, and acid-soluble and acid-insoluble lignins were assessed. The microscopic structure of cornstalk samples was studied by scanning

Catalytic performance of lignin peroxidase in a novel reverse micelle.

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To enhance the catalytic activity of lignin peroxidase (LiP) in a reverse micelle, a synthesized two-tail nonionic surfactant N-gluconyl glutamic acid didecyl ester (GGDE) was used to formulate a novel reverse micelle. Based on the LiP catalyzed oxidation of veratryl alcohol (VA) in this novel

Binding of horseradish, lignin, and manganese peroxidases to their respective substrates.

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The present study utilizes 1H NMR spectroscopy to characterize the binding of substrate to heme active site of three different peroxidases, horseradish peroxidase, lignin peroxidase, and manganese peroxidase. Information has been obtained on the site of p-cresol binding to the active-site cavity of

Relative deposition of xylan and 8-5'-linked lignin structure in Chamaecyparis obtusa, as revealed by double immunolabeling by using monoclonal antibodies.

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CONCLUSIONS Immunolabeling by using monoclonal antibodies showed that xylan deposition precedes the formation of 8-5'-linked structure of lignin in normal and compression woods of Chamaecyparis obtusa. Xylan deposition and formation of 8-5'-linked lignin structure in differentiating xylems from

Contactless Resonant Cavity Dielectric Spectroscopic Studies of Cellulosic Paper Aging.

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The current analytical techniques for characterizing printing and graphic arts substrates, particularly those used to date and authenticate provenance, are destructive. This limits the amount of data that can be captured from an individual sample. For samples being evaluated in forensic and

Molecular characterization of lignin peroxidase from the white-rot basidiomycete Trametes cervina: a novel fungal peroxidase.

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The lignin peroxidase (LiP) from Trametes cervina was cloned, characterized, and identified as a novel fungal peroxidase. The sequence of T. cervina LiP encodes the essential amino acids for shaping the heme cavity and calcium-binding sites, which are conserved in plant and fungal peroxidases.

Crystal structure of the 270 kDa homotetrameric lignin-degrading enzyme pyranose 2-oxidase.

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Pyranose 2-oxidase (P2Ox) is a 270 kDa homotetramer localized preferentially in the hyphal periplasmic space of lignocellulolytic fungi and has a proposed role in lignocellulose degradation to produce the essential co-substrate, hydrogen peroxide, for lignin peroxidases. P2Ox oxidizes D-glucose and

Cellulose structure and lignin distribution in normal and compression wood of the Maidenhair tree (Ginkgo biloba L.).

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We studied in detail the mean microfibril angle and the width of cellulose crystals from the pith to the bark of a 15-year-old Maidenhair tree (Ginkgo biloba L.). The orientation of cellulose microfibrils with respect to the cell axis and the width and length of cellulose crystallites were

Modulation of interferon-γ synthesis by the effects of lignin-like enzymatically polymerized polyphenols on antigen-presenting cell activation and the subsequent cell-to-cell interactions.

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Lignin-like polymerized polyphenols strongly activate lymphocytes and induce cytokine synthesis. We aimed to characterise the mechanisms of action of polymerized polyphenols on immunomodulating functions. We compared the reactivity of leukocytes from various organs to that of polymerized

Crystal structures and inhibitor binding in the octameric flavoenzyme vanillyl-alcohol oxidase: the shape of the active-site cavity controls substrate specificity.

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BACKGROUND Lignin degradation leads to the formation of a broad spectrum of aromatic molecules that can be used by various fungal micro-organisms as their sole source of carbon. When grown on phenolic compounds, Penicillium simplicissimum induces the strong impression of a flavin-containing

Effects of Lignin-Based Hollow Nanoparticle Structure on the Loading and Release Behavior of Doxorubicin.

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Because of their exceptional absorption capacity, biodegradability, and nontoxicity, nanomaterials fabricated from renewable natural resources have recently become an increasingly important research area. However, the mechanism of drug encapsulation by lignin nanoparticles and the role of

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