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Salicylic Acid and Sodium Salicylate Alleviate Cadmium Toxicity to Different Extents in Maize (Zea mays L.).

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The role of salicylic acid in Cd tolerance has attracted more attention recently but no information is available on the efficiency of different forms of salicylic acid. The aim was thus to investigate whether both the acid and salt forms of salicylic acid provide protection against Cd stress and to

The effect of mixed function oxidase induction and inhibition on salicylate-induced nephrotoxicity in male rats.

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A previous study in this laboratory demonstrated that greater nephrotoxicity was induced by 500 mg/kg [14C]salicylate in 12-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats than in 3-month-old animals, and the increased nephrotoxicity was correlated with greatly increased binding of radioactivity to the renal

Early transcriptome analyses of Z-3-Hexenol-treated zea mays revealed distinct transcriptional networks and anti-herbivore defense potential of green leaf volatiles.

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Green leaf volatiles (GLV), which are rapidly emitted by plants in response to insect herbivore damage, are now established as volatile defense signals. Receiving plants utilize these molecules to prime their defenses and respond faster and stronger when actually attacked. To further characterize

Copper and herbivory lead to priming and synergism in phytohormones and plant volatiles in the absence of salicylate-jasmonate antagonism.

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Abiotic stress factors can interfere with the emission of herbivore-induced plant volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and thus disrupt chemical communication channels between plants and other organisms. We investigated whether copper (Cu) stress alone or in conjunction with insect damage modifies the

Influence of gender on thermoregulation and cholinesterase inhibition in the long-evans rat exposed to diazinon.

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Diazinon is an organophosphate (OP)-based, anticholinesterase insecticide that irreversibly inhibits acetylcholinesterase activity and produces cholinergic stimulation in central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral tissues. Our laboratory has found that OPs administered orally in rats induce a

Review of chamber design requirements for testing of personal protective clothing ensembles.

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This review focuses on the physical requirements for conducting ensemble testing and describes the salient issues that organizations involved in the design, test, or certification of personal protective equipment (PPE) and protective clothing ensembles need to consider for strategic planning.

Differential performance and parasitism of caterpillars on maize inbred lines with distinctly different herbivore-induced volatile emissions.

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Plant volatiles induced by insect feeding are known to attract natural enemies of the herbivores. Six maize inbred lines that showed distinctly different patterns of volatile emission in laboratory assays were planted in randomized plots in the Central Mexican Highlands to test their ability to

Herbivore-induced SABATH methyltransferases of maize that methylate anthranilic acid using s-adenosyl-L-methionine.

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Volatile methyl esters are common constituents of plant volatiles with important functions in plant defense. To study the biosynthesis of these compounds, especially methyl anthranilate and methyl salicylate, we identified a group of methyltransferases that are members of the SABATH enzyme family in

Optimization of high-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons' degradation in a two-liquid-phase bioreactor.

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A microbial consortium degrading the high-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (HMW PAHs) pyrene, chrysene, benzo[a]pyrene and perylene in a two-liquid-phase reactor was studied. The highest PAH-degrading activity was observed with silicone oil as the water-immiscible phase;

Effects of dinocap on otolith development: evaluation of mouse and hamster fetuses at term.

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The morphology of otoliths in CD-1 mouse and Syrian hamster fetuses exposed to the fungicide dinocap were evaluated at the end of gestation. Pregnant mice were dosed by gavage with 0, 10, 15, 30, or 60 mg/kg/day dinocap in corn oil on days 7-16 of gestation. Pregnant hamsters were dosed by the same

Salicylamide pharmacokinetics in healthy males: dietary effect.

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The effect of diet on the absorption, metabolism, and elimination of salicylamide (SAM), in man was studied in five healthy male volunteers. In a three-way cross-over study, 300 mg SAM capsules were administered under fasting, carbohydrate, and lipid diet conditions. Total urinary salicylates,

Fusarium infection in maize: volatile induction of infected and neighboring uninfected plants has the potential to attract a pest cereal leaf beetle, Oulema melanopus.

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Fusarium infection of maize leaves and/or roots through the soil can stimulate the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). It is also well known that VOC emission from maize plants can repel or attract pests. In our experiments, we studied VOC induction responses of Zea mays L. ssp. mays cv.

Innate and Learned Prey-Searching Behavior in a Generalist Predator.

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Early colonization by Zyginidia scutellaris leafhoppers might be a key factor in the attraction and settling of generalist predators, such as Orius spp., in maize fields. In this paper, we aimed to determine whether our observations of early season increases in field populations of Orius spp.

(Z)-3-Hexenol induces defense genes and downstream metabolites in maize.

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In response to insect feeding, corn plants (Zea mays cv. Delprim) release elevated levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including the C(6)-volatile (Z)-3-hexenol. The level of mRNA accumulation for a series of defense genes was monitored in response to application of (Z)-3-hexenol (50 nmol)

Behavioral responses of the leafhopper, Cicadulina storeyi China, a major vector of maize streak virus, to volatile cues from intact and leafhopper-damaged maize.

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The chemical ecology of the leafhopper, Cicadulina storeyi China (Homoptera: Cicadellidae), an important vector of Maize Streak Virus (MSV), was studied with a view to developing novel leafhopper control strategies in sub-Saharan Africa. Choice tests using a Y-tube olfactometer revealed that odors

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